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IN THE FUTURE THERE IS LAID UP FOR ME
THE CROWN OF RIGHTEOUSNESS : loipon apokeitai (3SPMI) moi ho tes dikaiosunes stephanos:
(Ps 31:19; Mt 6:19 20; Col 1:5; 1Ti 6:19) (crown = 2Ti 2:5 Pr 4:9; 1Co
9:25; Jas 1:12; 1Pe 5:4; Rev 2:10; 4:4 10)
Paul had often
used the metaphor of the Christian life and ministry as analogous to
"running a race" (cp 2Ti 2:5-note)...:
Do you not know that those who run in
a race all run, but only one receives the prize?
Run
(present
imperative)
in such a way that you may win. 25 And everyone who competes in the
games exercises self-control (egkrateuomai)
in all things. They then do it to receive a perishable wreath (stephanos
- same word used in 2Ti 4:8 for "crown"), but we an imperishable (aphthartos).
26 Therefore I run in such a way, as not without aim; I box in such a
way, as not beating the air; 27 but I buffet my body and make it my
slave, lest possibly, after I have preached to others, I myself should
be disqualified (adokimos).
(1Cor 9:24, 25, 26, 27-See notes
1Co 9:24,
1Co 9:25,
1Co 9:26,
1Co 9:27)
In the future (3062)
(loipon) is more literally finally, for the rest, henceforth,
and it was this "future focus" that enabled Paul to meet the
present persecutions and sufferings with perseverance and blazing hope.
Imprisoned in a dark, dank dungeon facing death, Paul sees beyond the
visible temporal injustices and indignities forced upon him to the
invisible future which promises an eternal weight of glory far beyond
all comparison. (2Cor 4:17-note,
2Co 4:18-note)
The idea
is the race had been run, the conflict had been waged, and all that
remained (henceforth) to complete the whole transaction was merely that
the crown be bestowed, as accurately paraphrased in the Weymouth
translation
From this time onward there is reserved for me the crown of
righteousness.
Paul pictures
himself as a victorious Greek athlete, who, having won his race, is now
looking up to the judge’s stand, awaiting his laurel wreath of victory.
Laid up
(606)
(apokeimai
[word study]
from
apó = away + keímai
= be laid up, set away) means put something away for safekeeping
and was used
"of the laurel wreaths of honor awarded to Olympic winners" and "the
awards made to loyal subjects by oriental sovereigns for services
rendered." (Guthrie)
Apokeimai - 4 uses in the NT - Lk. 19:20; Col. 1:5; 2Ti 4:8; Heb.
9:27
Paul
spoke of "the hope
laid
up
for you in heaven"
(Col 1:5-note)
which gives one a picture of the security of our hope and
our "crown
of
righteousness".
Paul has finished the race, the victory has been won, the goal reached
and what remains is the reward which is "laid
up"
for him, safely stored away.
Don't miss the little phrase for
me
(repeated two more times in this verse as "to
me...to me")
-- clearly
Paul believed in personal reward as a legitimate God
ordained motivation for Christian living and serving. Jesus encouraged
believers
lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where
neither moth nor rust destroys (Mt 6:19, 20, 21-see notes
Mt 6:19;
20;
21).
Moses was so motivated that he actually considered
the reproach of
Christ greater riches than the treasures of Egypt, for he was looking to
the reward. (He 11:26-note)
Finally
John warned believers
Watch yourselves, that you might not
lose what we have accomplished, but that you may receive a full
reward. (2Jn 1:8)
Edwards
adds that
Rewards are not a selfish motivation but a scriptural one which is
designed to harness our God-given drive for significance to the things
which will make our lives eternally significant. Rewards mean little to
those who sacrifice little, for their souls are satisfied with earthly
trinkets and enjoyments....
Crown
(4735)
(stephanos
from stepho = to encircle, twine
or wreathe) was a wreath made of foliage or designed to resemble foliage
and worn by one of high status or held in high regard.
The stephanos was literally an adornment worn around the head as
a crown of victory in the Greek athletic games, this reward being given to the
runner who crossed the goal first, to the disc thrower with the longest
toss, etc. Apart from recognition of athletes and winners of various
kinds of competitions, in the Greco-Roman world, the awarding of a
crown or wreath signified appreciation for exceptional contributions to
the state or groups within it. The recipients were usually public
officials or civic-minded persons serving at their own expense
Stephanos was used metaphorically to refer to a community of
believers who exist as proof of a worker's success (1Th 2:19,20 - see notes
1Th 2:19;
20).
Here stephanos is that which serves as adornment or source of pride.
Stephanos was the
name of a godly martyr in Acts (see verses below).
Stephanos is used 29 times in the
Septuagint (LXX)
(2 Sam. 12:30; 1 Chr. 20:2; Est. 8:15; Job 19:9; 31:36; Ps. 21:3; 65:10;
Prov. 1:9; 4:9; 12:4; 14:24; 16:31; 17:6; Cant. 3:11; Isa. 22:18, 21;
28:1, 3, 5; 62:3; Jer. 13:18; Lam. 2:15; 5:16; Ezek. 16:12; 21:26;
23:42; 28:12; Zech. 6:11, 14)
Stephanos is used 25 times in the NT. Study the uses
below...
Matthew 27:29 And after
weaving a crown of thorns, they put it on His head, and a reed in
His right hand; and they kneeled down before Him and mocked Him, saying,
"Hail, King of the Jews!"
Mark 15:17 And they dressed
Him up in purple, and after weaving a crown of thorns, they put it on
Him;
John 19:2 And the soldiers
wove a crown of thorns and put it on His head, and arrayed Him in
a purple robe...5 Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of
thorns and the purple robe. And Pilate said to them, "Behold, the Man!"
Acts 6:5 And the statement
found approval with the whole congregation; and they chose Stephen,
a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit, and Philip, Prochorus,
Nicanor, Timon, Parmeand Nicolas, a proselyte from Antioch...8
And Stephen, full of grace and power, was performing great
wonders and signs among the people. 9 But some men from what was
called the Synagogue of the Freedmen, including both Cyrenians and
Alexandrians, and some from Cilicia and Asia, rose up and argued with
Stephen.
Acts 7:59 And they went on
stoning Stephen as he called upon the Lord and said, "Lord Jesus,
receive my spirit!"
Acts 8:2 And some devout men
buried Stephen, and made loud lamentation over him.
Acts 11:19 So then those who
were scattered because of the persecution that arose in connection with
Stephen made their way to Phoenicia and Cyprus and Antioch,
speaking the word to no one except to Jews alone.
Acts 22:20 'And when the blood
of Thy witness Stephen was being shed, I also was standing by
approving, and watching out for the cloaks of those who were slaying
him.'
1 Corinthians 9:25 And
everyone who competes in the games exercises self-control in all things.
They then do it to receive a perishable wreath, but we an
imperishable.
Philippians 4:1-note Therefore, my
beloved brethren whom I long to see, my joy and crown, so stand
firm in the Lord, my beloved.
1 Thessalonians 2:19-note For who
is our hope or joy or crown of exultation? Is it not even you, in
the presence of our Lord Jesus at His coming?
2 Timothy 4:8-note in the future
there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the
Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that day; and not only to
me, but also to all who have loved His appearing.
James 1:12-note Blessed is a man
who perseveres under trial; for once he has been approved, he will
receive the crown of life, which the Lord has promised to those
who love Him.
1 Peter 5:4-note And when the Chief
Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.
Revelation 2:10-note 'Do not fear
what you are about to suffer. Behold, the devil is about to cast some of
you into prison, that you may be tested, and you will have tribulation
ten days. Be faithful until death, and I will give you the crown
of life.
Revelation 3:11-note 'I am coming
quickly; hold fast what you have, in order that no one take your
crown.
Revelation 4:4-note And around the
throne were twenty-four thrones; and upon the thrones I saw twenty-four
elders sitting, clothed in white garments, and golden crowns on
their heads...Re 4:10-note the twenty-four elders will fall down before Him who
sits on the throne, and will worship Him who lives forever and ever, and
will cast their crowns before the throne, saying,
Revelation 6:2-note And I looked,
and behold, a white horse, and he who sat on it had a bow; and a
crown was given to him; and he went out conquering, and to conquer.
Revelation 9:7-note And the
appearance of the locusts was like horses prepared for battle; and on
their heads, as it were, crowns like gold, and their faces were
like the faces of men.
Revelation 12:1-note And a great
sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon
under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars;
Revelation 14:14-note And I looked,
and behold, a white cloud, and sitting on the cloud was one like a son
of man, having a golden crown on His head, and a sharp sickle in
His hand.
Stephanos should be clearly distinguished from
another Greek word diadema
(1238) which refers to a kingly crown.
In the
first use of stephanos in the NT, Matthew says that
after weaving a
crown
(stephanos) of
thorns,
they put it on His head, and a reed in His right hand; and they kneeled
down before Him and mocked Him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews! (Mt
27:29)
Earlier
Paul had used the verb form (stephanoo) reminding Timothy that
if anyone competes as an athlete, he
does not receive
the
victor's
crown
unless he competes according to the rules. (NIV, see note
2 Timothy 2:5)
The
stephanos was the only prize ancient Olympic athletes received and
thus it was cherished as a great treasure. How much more should we as
believers "run with endurance the race that is set before" (He
12:1-note)
us, knowing that the Olympic athletes
do it to receive a
perishable
wreath (stephanos) but we an imperishable." (1Co 9:25-note)
TDNT has a lengthy note on stephanos...
The crown, as a wreath placed around the head, is a sign of life and
fertility, and perhaps also a symbol of light. It has a place in the
cultus and supposedly wards off evil. The closed crown is used in magic.
The crown expresses joy and honor, but also sorrow. It acknowledges
excellence.
II. Nature. The simplest crown consists of a bent twig or of two
twigs tied together. Wreaths of grass, leaves, or flowers also occur.
The Dionysus cult uses ivy, oak, and acanthus, Neptune and Pan wear
wreaths of fig leaves, and Zeus of laurel. Soldiers wear crowns at
triumphs, and victors wear laurel or olive wreaths. The myrtle signifies
love. Roman magistrates wear gold crowns, and Etruscan crowns, also used
at Rome, are of precious stones and golden oak
III. Use.
1. The Cultus. In cultic acts priests wear various forms of crowns.
Aeneas crowns his brow with twigs when he first treads Roman soil and
prays. Crowns are placed on sacrifices and altars, and are even offered
in sacrifice. Images are crowned when dedicated to cultic use and on the
feasts of the gods. The crown expresses reverence; Empedocles takes it
as a mark of veneration when crowned.
2. Oracles. Crowns evoke true dreams. The person who delivers the oracle
wears a crown. When Creon comes back crowned after consulting the oracle
he is hailed as a messenger of joy. Roman frescoes depict crowned
prophetesses.
3. Processions and Feasts. Crowning takes place in relation to
prayer-processions. On the New Year feast at Rome houses are adorned
with crowns or wreaths. Animals are also crowned or garlanded at various
feasts.
4. A Sign of Salvation and Protection. Various examples show that crowns
are viewed as signs of protection. Thus Tiberius wears a laurel wreath
during thunderstorms. Wreaths are put at the entrances to houses. Crowns
also serve as a means of power and protection in the invocation of gods
or demons in magic.
5. The Mysteries. Mystagogues bear myrtle branches in the Eleusinian
mysteries, and neophytes in the Isis mysteries. A crown is handed to the
mystagogue in the dedication ceremonies of Mithras.
6. Political Life. Cultic and political life are closely related, hence
it is natural that those who hold national office should he crowned.
When politicians give orations in Athens they wear wreaths as a sign of
immunity. The Roman emperor, his family, the priests, and state
officials all wear crowns in processions.
7. The Games. Held in honor of the gods, sporting festivals culminate
when the victors, who struggle hard to win, are crowned with wreaths of
laurel, olive, or ivy. The herald calls their names, and the names of
their fathers and towns, and then hands over the wreaths. The ceremony
ends in their homes, which also bear wreaths. In the final rites they
offer their wreaths to the deity.
8. The Army. The Spartans put on crowns before doing battle, perhaps in
connection with sacrifice and as a sign of protection. In the Roman army
the general wears a crown to purify the troops before battle. The
goddess of victory is depicted with a crown, and there are crowns for
the victors, whether of grass, oak leaves, or laurel. An ancient Roman
custom is to offer prisoners for sale with crowns on; this possibly
derives from a Germanic practice of sacrificing prisoners.
9. Private Life.
a. A Sign of Joy and Respect. Various examples illustrate the use of the
crown or wreath as a mark of joy or respect.
b. Weddings. It is natural that there should be crownings at weddings.
Thus we have depictions of brides with crowns, and the guests at the
wedding feast also wear crowns.
c. Symposia. Wreaths adorn the participants at banquets and the ensuing
symposia, which are held in honor of various gods. The wreaths express
festal joy but also serve to cool the head during drinking. Wreaths are
also placed on the bowls and vessels and on the walls of the rooms where
the feasts are held.
10. The Cult of the Dead. A common custom is to put wreaths on the dead,
on the bier, and on the grave. Permanent wreaths are carved on
gravestones and funds are set up for regular adornment with wreaths. The
wreaths honor the dead but also protect them against demons. Plato hands
down an idea that in Hades there will be a symposium for the righteous
at which they will be adorned with crowns. The mysteries promise
initiates that in the hereafter they will be adorned with crowns and
will enjoy the company of the blessed. (Kittel,
G., Friedrich, G., & Bromiley, G. W. Theological Dictionary of the New
Testament. Eerdmans)
Barclay adds that stephanos had the following associations
in the ancient world...
(a) the victor's crown
in the games. Smyrna had annual games which were famous all over Asia.
As in the Olympic Games, the reward of the victorious athlete was the
laurel crown. The Christian can win the crown of victory in the contest
of life.
(b)
When a man had faithfully performed the work of a magistrate, at
the end of his term of office he was granted a crown. He who throughout
life faithfully serves Christ and his fellow-men will receive his
crown.
(c)
The heathen world was in the habit of
wearing crowns, chaplets of flowers, at banquets. At the end of the day,
if the Christian is loyal, he will have the joy of sitting as a guest at
the banquet of God.
(d)
The heathen worshippers were in the
habit of wearing crowns when they approached the temples of their gods.
At the end of the day, if he has been faithful, the Christian will have
the joy of entering into the nearer presence of God.
(e)
Some scholars have seen in this crown
a reference to the halo or the nimbus which is round the head of divine
beings in pictures. If that is so, it means that the Christian, if he is
faithful, will be crowned with the life which belongs to God himself. (Barclay,
W: The Daily Study Bible Series. The Westminster Press
or
Logos)
As John
said: "We shall be like him, for we shall see him as he is" (1Jn 3:2).
In this life it may be that the Christian's loyalty will bring him a
crown of thorns, but in the life to come it will surely bring him the
crown of righteousness.
Stephanos
of course gives us the English name Stephen, the first NT martyr,
"the crowned one". How fitting that the "crown"
of the laurel wreath was awarded to the one who finished a race. So the
crown is to the finisher, 'Stephen' who watched the heavens open (Acts
7:55 56) as his life leaves and says ''Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.''
(Acts 7:59) That is a man who "loved
His
appearing"!
The kingly crown by contrast is diadema, (diadem)
which is only associated with the Lord, for example describing the
appearance of the Lord Jesus returning as the King of kings upon Whose
"head are many diadems" (Re 19:12-note), His return marking the final
defeat of the antichrist at the end of the
Great Tribulation.
Scripture
also mentions a
crown
of life for "a man who perseveres
under trial" (James 1:12-note)
the unfading crown of glory (1Peter 5:4-note)
for those who "shepherd the flock of God" (1Pe 5:2-note),
our
hope or joy or crown
of exultation referring to believers whose life we have had a role (1Th
2:19, 20- see
notes
1Th 2:19;
20,
cf Php 4:1-note),
and
a wreath (crown)...imperishable
for those who run in the Christian race and are not disqualified (1Co
9:24, 25, 26, 27-note)
The
crown of righteousness
is a phrase which in the present context is most likely the Greek
construction
referred to as genitive of apposition, the crown
that consists in righteousness and is also the reward for righteousness.
As we daily present our "members as slaves to righteousness,
resulting in sanctification"
(Ro 6:19-
note)
we are working "out (our) salvation"
(Phil 2:12-note)
and this process equates with sanctification or experiential righteousness.
At the completion of our life Christ's righteousness
will be perfected in us. To say it another way, when death ends the
process of sanctification and we enter glorification, the experiential righteousness is
consummated in perfect positional righteousness.
When we have finished our course, we will receive the
unfading crown of
righteousness
from the Lord’s
Himself, the righteous Judge.
So here the crown
Paul is referring to is the righteousness
of the Redeemer granted in full perfection to the glorified believer,
for as John writes "when He appears, we shall be like Him."
(1Jn 3:2-note),
glorified and eternally clothed in His perfect righteousness.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF
JUSTIFICATION,
SANCTIFICATION & GLORIFICATION
(Positional vs Experiential Righteousness) |
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GOD'S RIGHTEOUSNESS
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Point 1
marks conversion or regeneration, which the Bible equates with
JUSTIFICATION
or past tense
salvation (Ro 5:1-note)
(saved from the penalty of sin and positionally from the
power of sin - Ro 6:11-note
Ro 6:14-note
which is a truth that is worked out in sanctification - see below) which takes place the
moment a person believes in the Lord Jesus Christ (Ro 10:9,10-notes).
The line from 1
to 2
is not a process but is a change of POSITION
effected by God -- believers are declared positionally
righteous when they are justified by faith, signifying the
once-for-all reckoning (or imputation) of Christ's perfect
righteousness to the sinful believer's "spiritual account" (Ro
4:6-note).
The believer's position or standing before God (POINT 2)
is now complete and perfect the moment he or she believes, because
Christ has been made his or her righteousness (1Cor 1:30; cf 2Cor
5:21). At no time in this life or in the life to come will his or
her status in terms of righteousness be any greater or lesser because
"in Him (we) have been made complete" (Col 2:10-note).
This description is often referred to by theologians as positional
righteousness.
Once God has
justified an individual (point
1), He begins a process of
growth in Christ-likeness referred to as
SANCTIFICATION
(from
point 1
to
point 3)
or present tense
salvation (1Cor 1:18)
(being saved daily from the power and practice of
sin - Ro 6:12, 13-note) which equates with Practical
or Experiential Righteousness (related descriptions include growth
in Christ-likeness, progressive sanctification, growth in
holiness).
This process is not simply "Let go and Let God" but involves the
believer's active cooperation with God to continually
work out
(present
imperative
= command demanding our continual attention)
(our) salvation with fear and trembling for it is God Who is at
work (present
tense
= continually) in (us), both to will and to work (present
tense
= continually) for His good pleasure. (Phil
2:12-note;
Phil 2:12-note)
So while justification is a one time event,
sanctification is a
process in which God's Spirit daily sets us apart (compare the
same idea = "being
transformed...from glory to glory...from the Lord, the Spirit"
2Cor 3:18)
from the world and unto Himself (To be made holy means to be set
apart from the common and profane and to God for His use).
When we die
(or are raptured-see
Rapture vs Second Coming) we arrive at
Point 3,
which is
GLORIFICATION or
future tense salvation
(1Pe
1:15-note,
1Pe1:13-note,
Ro 8:23-
note)
(saved from the presence and pleasure of sin) which
is a once for all point in time in which the process of
sanctification is consummated. The saint experiences perfect
sanctification and righteousness because he or she is now fully "conformed
to the image of His Son" (Ro 8:29-note).
This occurs at death (or rapture) when we enter into the assembly
"to the spirits of righteous men made perfect" (He
12:23-note,
1Jn 3:2-note).
Then at
Point 3 for the
first time the believer's actual state in terms of RIGHTEOUSNESS will conform to
the status conferred at justification (the line from
1
to
2).
This truth helps us understand Paul's declaration that
we through the Spirit, by faith, are waiting for the hope of
righteousness (Gal 5:5)
Hope
is the firm assurance that God will do good to me in the
future and is the state of glory is finally arrived at when
we reach
Point #3,
(cp 1Co 15:52, 53, 54, Ro 8:30-note) at which time our positional righteousness will then be identical
with our practical righteousness for all eternity. We will receive
the crown of righteousness from our Lord. (Adapted and modified
from
Gaebelein, F, Editor:
Expositor's Bible Commentary 6-Volume New Testament. Zondervan
Publishing or
computer version) |
WHICH THE LORD
THE RIGHTEOUS JUDGE: o kurios en ekeine te hemera ho dikaios krites:
(2Ti 4:1 Ge 18:25; Ps 7:11;Jn 5:22 Acts 17:31 Ro 2:5;2Cor 5:10 2Thes 1:5
1:6 Rev 19:11)
Other
translations -
a fair judge (GWT), the
upright judge (BBE),
the just Umpire [the umpire who is always fair and never makes a
mistake] (Wuest).
Righteous
(1342) Judge
(2923)
" is the second mention of Judge
in this chapter, the first (2Ti 4:1-note)
giving Timothy a solemn warning but here giving an encouraging motivation. The
picture in the present context then is not so much of a judge
on a judicial bench but of an Umpire or Referee at the
athletic games, a just and
upright Umpire Who stands at the finish line ready to award the
victor's
crown
to the athlete who has completed his course and having done so "according
to the rules". (2Ti 2:5-note)
><>
><> ><>
The
Umpire - In his book Men At Work, columnist
George Will mentions the firm justice meted out by baseball umpires. He
writes, "Toughness is not enough, but it is necessary. Once when Babe
Pinelli called Babe Ruth out on strikes, Ruth made a populist argument.
Ruth reasoned fallaciously (as populists do) from raw numbers to moral
weight: 'There's 40,000 people here who know that last one was a ball,
tomato head.' Pinelli replied with the measured stateliness of John
Marshall: 'Maybe so, but mine is the only opinion that counts.'"
The apostle Paul knew that at the end of our days only one opinion will
matter--that of the ultimate Umpire, the "righteous Judge" before whom
we play the game of life (2Ti 4:8).
As he wrote his second letter to Timothy, Paul was sitting in a cold,
damp dungeon. Like an athlete who had spent his strength to win the
prize, Paul had persevered. During his 30 years of ministry, a thousand
voices had urged him to cheat in the race, throw in the towel,
compromise the faith. But Paul had decided that he would not listen to
the voices of the crowd. He had only one Judge to please. He was ready
to meet the Umpire of the universe. Are you ready to meet Him too?
Haddon W. Robinson (Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
Just live
your life before your Lord,
It matters not what others do--
Your actions will be weighed by Him
Who metes out judgment just and true. --Rae
God's verdict is the one that counts.
WILL AWARD TO ME ON THAT DAY: on apodosei (3SFAI) moi o kurios en ekeine te
hemera: (2Ti 1:12,1:18 Mal 3:17; Mt 7:22; 24:36; Lk 10:12; 1Th
5:4 Rev 22:12)
Other
translations - will give
me that prize on that day"
(GWT), will give me on that great day of his return" (NLT)
Will
award (591) (apodidomi
from apó = from + didomi = give and so to "give off” from
one’s self) literally means to give back, then to put away by
giving and then in a more figurative sense to pay back or recompense.
Apodidomi can mean to give back or pay back (implying a debt
and conveying the idea of obligation and responsibility for something
that is not optional) and was a technical term for repaying a debt (Mt
18:25, 20:8, 21:41) It means to pay back, implying a debt. The papyri
uses apodidomi to describe the paying of debt or restoring of a due of
any kind.
In the
middle voice the idea of apodidomi is to give up something one
possesses for sale or to give away for one's own profit what is one's
own and thus to sell (Acts 5:8, 7:9, Lxx = Ge 25:31, 33, of Joseph sold
by his brothers Ge 37:27, 28, cf Ge 37:36)
Paul
uses apodidomi of husbands in the sense of fulfilling one’s duty (1Co
7:3)
To repay
or recompense (divine or human), for example as a reward, where such a
reward could be either positive or negative, depending upon what the
individual deserves (Mt 6:4, 6, 18; 16:27; Ro 2:6; 12:17; 1Th 5:15; 1Ti
5:4; 2Ti 4:8, 14; 1Pe 3:9; Rev 18:6; 22:12)
TDNT
summarizes apodidomi as...
a. “To give or do something in
fulfilment of an obligation or expectation,” e.g., Mt. 20:8 (reward),
21:41 (fruits), Mk. 12:17 (taxes), Mt. 27:58 (Jesus’ body), Heb. 12:11
(fruit).
b. “To repay as reward or
punishment”: divine retribution in Mt. 6:4; Rom. 2:6; Rev. 22:12; human
retribution in 1 Tim. 5:4.
c. “To give back what has been
received or kept” (Lk. 4:20 etc.).
d. “To sell” (Acts 5:8; 7:9; Heb.
12:16)
The thought of divine retribution in
the NT sets us impressively under threat and promise. This retribution
is future and carries the promise of love and forgiveness as well as
judgment. It brings out the personal nature of the relation with God. We
do not do good for good’s sake but out of love of God and in recognition
that we are his. It thus belongs to our very being to be subject to
retribution. It is love that posits a creature that is under
retribution. Only because of sin does retribution work against us. But
since the root is in love, forgiveness is not incompatible with
retribution. How God conjoins the two is the secret of his majesty, with
which faith enjoys fellowship, but only in subjection to its holiness.
(Kittel,
G., Friedrich, G., & Bromiley, G. W. Theological Dictionary of the New
Testament. Eerdmans)
NIDNTT notes that in Classic Greek apodidomi was used from
the time of Homer and meant...
primarily to give up, render (Diod.
Sic. 14, 84, 2), or, to give back (Xen., Hell. 2, 2, 9). In the middle
voice it means accordingly to sell. Hence it acquired the specific
meaning of giving something up which one must give up because of some
kind of obligation (thus to pay out a wage, Xen., Anab. 1, 2, 12; to pay
one’s vow, Xen., Mem. 2, 2, 10). This gives the word the technical sense
to render, requite, in both good and bad senses (Dion. Hal., 6, 73).
(Brown,
Colin, Editor. New International Dictionary of NT Theology. 1986.
Zondervan or
Computer version)
Deissmann in "Light from the Ancient East" says that
"a stereotyped formula in these
documents (papyrus documents in which the debtor writes down his
acknowledgment of debt) is the promise to pay back the borrowed money, "I
will repay" (generally apodoso, from apodidomi) and they are
all in the debtor's own hand (hence the technical name, "hand-writing,"
"writing by hand" [cf. English "note of hand"]) or if he could not
write, in the handwriting of another acting for him with the express
remark, 'I have written for him.'"
Apodidomi - 48 uses in the NT (note frequency of use in synoptic
gospels) - Mt. 5:26, Mt 5:33; Mt 6:4, Mt 6:6, Mt 6:18; Mt 12:36;
16:27; 18:25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 34; 20:8; 21:41; 22:21; 27:58; Mk 12:17; Lk. 4:20;
7:42; 9:42; 10:35; 12:59; 16:2; 19:8; 20:25; Acts 4:33; 5:8; 7:9; 19:40;
Ro 2:6; 12:17; 13:7; 1Co. 7:3; 1Th 5:15; 1Ti 5:4; 2Ti 4:8,
14; He 12:11, 16; 13:17; 1Pe 3:9; 4:5; Re 18:6; Re 22:2, Re 22:12
NAS
renders apodidomi - account*(1), award(1), fulfill(2),
gave...back(2), give(4), give back(1), given(1), giving(1), make some
return(1), must(1), paid(3), pay(2), pay...back(1), pay back(3),
render(6), repay(8), repayment to be made(1), repays(1), returning(1),
reward(3), sold(3), yielding(1), yields(1).
Here are
the uses of apodidomi...
Matthew 5:26-note
"Truly I say to you, you will not come out of there until you have
paid up the last cent.
Matthew 5:33-note
"Again, you have heard that the ancients were told, 'YOU SHALL NOT MAKE
FALSE VOWS, BUT SHALL FULFILL YOUR VOWS TO THE LORD.'
Comment: To fulfill, carry
out, put into effect or accomplish what was intended or that which is
one’s duty to someone as in keeping a vow.
Matthew 6:4-note
so that your giving will be in secret; and your Father who sees what is
done in secret will reward you.
Comment: Vincent: "The
preposition apo indicates receipt in full. Rev. renders they have
received, so that there is nothing more to receive. So Wycliffe.
'They have received their meed.'" Rienecker "to give back, to repay, to
reward. Fut. is used to express the protasis of a Semitic condition.:
“Do this and this will follow".
Matthew 6:6-note
"But you, when you pray, go into your inner room, close your door and
pray to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees what is
done in secret will reward you.
Matthew 6:18-note
so that your fasting will not be noticed by men, but by your Father who
is in secret; and your Father who sees what is done in secret will
reward you.
Matthew 12:36 "But I tell you that every careless word (rhema)
that people speak, they shall give an accounting (logos) for it
in the day of judgment.
Comment: UBS "To render
account means to explain why things were said. The explanation will be
before God, so the sentence can be “People are going to have to tell God
why they said every useless word they did.”"
Louw-Nida "a marker of an
agent relation with a numerable event, with the probable implication of
some transfer involved"
Matthew 16:27 "For the Son of Man is going to come in the glory of His
Father with His angels, and WILL THEN REPAY EVERY MAN
ACCORDING TO HIS DEEDS. (cp Re 22:12-note)
Comment: Jesus quotes from the
Septuagint of Psalm 62:12 "And lovingkindness is Yours, O Lord, for You
recompense (Heb = shalem = to complete; Lxx = apodidomi) a man
according to his work."
Matthew 18:25 "But since he did not have the means to repay, his
lord commanded him to be sold, along with his wife and children and all
that he had, and repayment to be made. 26 "So the slave fell to
the ground and prostrated himself before him, saying, 'Have patience
with me and I will repay you everything.'...28 "But that slave
went out and found one of his fellow slaves who owed him a hundred
denarii; and he seized him and began to choke him, saying, 'Pay
back what you owe.' 29 "So his fellow slave fell to the ground
and began to plead with him, saying, 'Have patience with me and I will
repay you.'30 "But he was unwilling and went and threw him in
prison until he should pay back what was owed.
Comment: This parable is in
response to Peter's question regarding how often one should forgive (Mt
18:21) to which Jesus responded "seventy times seven" (Mt 18:22)
Mt 18:34 "And his lord, moved with
anger, handed him over to the torturers (jailers) until he should
repay all that was owed him.
Comment: This is what
unforgiveness will do to you -- put you in prison figuratively
speaking.
Matthew 20:8 "When evening came, the
owner of the vineyard said to his foreman, 'Call the laborers and pay
them their wages, beginning with the last group to the first.'
Matthew 21:41 They said to Him, "He will bring those wretches to a
wretched end, and will rent out the vineyard to other vine-growers who
will pay him the proceeds at the proper seasons."
Matthew 22:21 They said to Him, "Caesar's." Then He said to them, "Then
render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's; and to God the
things that are God's."
Matthew 27:58 This man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
Then Pilate ordered it to be given to him.
Mark 12:17 And Jesus said to them, "Render to Caesar the things
that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's." And they were
amazed at Him.
Comment: "give back, return."
We are to give back to the government in taxes for the services we have
received, and we are to give back to God what belongs to Him—the human
soul.
Luke 4:20 And He closed the book, gave it back to the
attendant and sat down; and the eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed
on Him.
Luke 7:42 "When they were unable to repay, he graciously forgave
(charizomai
) them both. So which of
them will love him more?"
Comment: Even as our sins
against God are considered as debts we "owe" Him, so too, sins of others
against us are considered "debts" they owe us. When believers empowered
by the Spirit choose to grant unmerited favor (grace forgiving which is
the meaning of charizomai), we in essence "cancel the debt" (aphiemi
= send it away) the offending party owes us. The importance of all
believers maintaining a forgiving spirit cannot be overemphasized, for
unforgiveness will place the unforgiving party in a prison in which they
will be "tortured and tormented"
until
they make the choice to forgive (cf Mt 18:34, 35). For more discussion
of this vitally important topic of forgiveness/unforgiveness see
the notes on
Ephesians 4:32,
Colossians 3:13,
Matthew 6:12.
(Cf Words for forgive/forgiveness -
Forgiveness =
aphesis;
Forgive [send away from, cancel the debt, release, let go] =
aphiemi;
Forgive [grant, freely give, bestow]
charizomai) As discussed in those notes, the number one problem
in Christian churches in America is UNFORGIVENESS (from Bryon
Paulus, director of
Life Action Revival Ministries,
a revival oriented ministry, who based his conclusion is based on their
experience with 100's of churches and millions of believers over the
past several decades). It follows that it behooves every shepherd to (in
my humble opinion) to lead his flock at least once a year back into the
green pastures and refreshing waters of the doctrinal truths on
forgiveness (doctrine directs duty, revelation
calls for a reasoned response, creed calls for conscious
conduct, precepts precede and lead to appropriate
practice), so that the sheep might be set free from their entrapment
in the "brambles and thorns" wrought by a spirit of unforgiveness. I
dare say that there would be families and marriages restored and
revived, "factious friends" once again made friends, walls of resentment
ripped down by the Word and Spirit of Truth, etc, etc. Jesus came to set
the captives free (cf Lk 4:18, Jn 8:31, 32, 36) and unforgiveness is the
number "prison" of each person's own making, and will yield rotten fruit
"until"
the debt has been paid from the heart (cf Mt 18:34, 35).
Luke 9:42 While he was still
approaching, the demon slammed him to the ground and threw him into a
convulsion. But Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and healed the boy and
gave him back to his father.
Luke 10:35 "On the next day he took out two denarii and gave them to the
innkeeper and said, 'Take care of him; and whatever more you spend, when
I return I will repay you.'
Luke 12:59 "I say to you, you will not get out of there until you have
paid the very last cent."
Luke 16:2 "And he called him and said to him, 'What is this I hear about
you? Give an accounting of your management, for you can no longer
be manager.'
Luke 19:8 Zaccheus stopped and said to the Lord, "Behold, Lord, half of
my possessions I will give to the poor, and if I have defrauded anyone
of anything, I will give back four times as much."
Luke 20:25 And He said to them, "Then render to Caesar the things
that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's."
Acts 4:33 And with great power the apostles were giving testimony
to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and abundant grace was upon them
all.
Acts 5:8 And Peter responded to her, "Tell me whether you sold
the land for such and such a price?" And she said, "Yes, that was the
price."
Acts 7:9 "The patriarchs became jealous of Joseph and sold (middle
voice) him
into Egypt. Yet God was with him (Ge 37:12-36),
Acts 19:40 "For indeed we are in danger of being accused of a riot in
connection with today's events, since there is no real cause for it, and
in this connection we will be unable to (give - not translated in
NAS = apodidomi; cp Ac 19:10KJV) account for this disorderly gathering."
Romans 2:6-note
who WILL RENDER TO EACH PERSON ACCORDING TO HIS DEEDS: (cp
similar intent in Septuagint use in Isa 65:6, 7, 66:15)
Romans 12:17-note
Never pay back evil for evil to anyone. Respect what is
right in the sight of all men.
Romans 13:7-note
Render
(aorist
imperative)
to all what is due them: tax to whom tax is due; custom to whom custom;
fear to whom fear; honor to whom honor.
Comment: Ralph Earle
says apodidomi "means "give up or back, restore, return"; and so "to
render what is due, to pay" (A-S). Deissmann shows that this word was
used regularly in the papyri for a promise to pay back borrowed money.
The emphasis is on the payment of a debt (LAE, p. 331). The NT
consistently teaches that taxes are a debt which one owes the
government, and that paying them is therefore a legal and moral
obligation."
John MacArthur "Apodidomi
(render) carries the idea of paying back something that is owed, and
that meaning is reinforced by the phrase what is due them. Taxes are not
voluntary or optional offerings given for the support of government, and
paying them is the unqualified obligation of every citizen. Christians
not only have a moral but a spiritual responsibility to pay taxes,
because they know, or should know, that God requires it of them.
Cheating on taxes is a crime against government and a sin against God."
(MacArthur,
J: Romans 9-16. Chicago: Moody Press
or
Logos)
1 Corinthians 7:3 The husband must
fulfill
(apodidomi -
present imperative)
his duty (opheilo) to his wife, and likewise also the wife to her
husband.
Comment: Rienecker "Present
imperative
indicates habitual duty (Morris). The rabbis required that the marriage
partners have regular sexual relations w. one another; generally on
Friday night, which was the Sabbath."
1 Thessalonians 5:15-note
See that no one repays another with evil for evil, but always
seek after that which is good for one another and for all people.
1 Timothy 5:4 but if any widow has children or grandchildren, they must
first learn to practice piety in regard to their own family and to
make some return to their parents; for this is acceptable in
the sight of God.
Comment: The idea “to give off
from” one’s self and so discharging one’s obligations, since a debt like
a burden, is thrown off.
2 Timothy 4:8-note
in the future there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which
the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that
day; and not only to me, but also to all who have loved His appearing.
Comment: Ellicott says
"Preposition in compound does not necessarily convey any sense of due.
Here the prep. only seems to allude to the reward having been laid up
and being taken out of some reserve treasure."
2 Timothy 4:14-note
Alexander the coppersmith did me much harm; the Lord will
repay him according to his deeds.
Hebrews 12:11-note
All discipline for the moment seems not to be joyful, but sorrowful; yet
to those who have been trained by it, afterwards it yields the
peaceful fruit of righteousness.
Comment: Vincent says in this
connection, “perhaps with a suggestion of recompense for the
longsuffering and waiting.” Vine says apodidomi " means to give back;
that is, it produces a return for that which has been ministered in
discipline."
Hebrew 12:16-note
that there be no immoral or godless person like Esau, who sold
his own birthright for a single meal.
Hebrews 13:17-note
Obey
(present
imperative)
your leaders and submit to them, for they keep watch over your souls as
those who will give an account (logos). Let them do this with joy
and not with grief, for this would be unprofitable for you.
1 Peter 3:9-note
not returning evil for evil or insult for insult, but giving a
blessing instead; for you were called for the very purpose that you
might inherit a blessing.
1 Peter 4:5-note
but they will give (apodidomi) account (logos) to Him who is
ready to judge the living and the dead.
Revelation 18:6-note
"Pay her back even as she has paid, and give back to her
double according to her deeds; in the cup which she has mixed, mix twice
as much for her.
Revelation 22:2-note
in the middle of its street. On either side of the river was the tree of
life, bearing twelve kinds of fruit, yielding its fruit every
month; and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.
Revelation 22:12-note
"Behold, I am coming quickly, and My reward is with Me, to
render to every man according to what he has done.
Apodidomi - 148x in the
Septuagint (LXX)
- Ge 20:7, 14 (of
restoring Abraham's wife); Ge 25:31, 33; 29:21; 30:26; 37:22, 27f,
36; 42:25, 28, 34; 45:4f; 47:20, 22; Ex 5:18; 20:5; 21:7, 16, 35; 22:1,
26, 30; 23:4; Lev 6:4f; 25:14ff, 25, 27ff, 50ff; 26:4, 26; 27:20, 23f,
28; Num 5:7f; 8:13, 15f, 19, 21; 14:18; 18:9; 21:29; 31:3; 36:2; Deut
2:28; 5:9; 7:10; 14:21, 25; 22:1f; 23:21; 24:7, 13, 15; 28:31; 32:30;
Judg 2:14; 3:8; 4:2, 9; 10:7; 17:3f; 1 Sam 6:3f, 8, 17; 7:14; 12:3, 9; 2
Sam 3:14; 22:25; 1 Kgs 20:34; 2 Kgs 4:7; 2 Chr 6:23; 34:16, 28; Neh
5:12; 10:31; Esth 8:12; Job 22:25, 27; 24:20; 31:37; 33:26; 34:11;
39:12; Ps 22:25; 28:4; 44:12; 50:14; 51:12; 55:20; 56:12; 61:8; 62:11;
65:1; 66:13; 76:11; 79:12; 94:2, 23; 116:18; Prov 7:14; 17:13; 24:12;
28:21; 31:24; Eccl 5:4f; Isa 19:21; 26:12; 42:22; 65:6f; 66:15; Jer
22:13; 32:18; Lam 3:64f; Ezek 18:7, 12; 33:15; 46:17; Dan 4:34, 36; 6:2;
8:25; Joel 3:6ff; Amos 2:6; Jonah 2:9; Nah 1:15. Here are some
representative uses of apodidomi...
Genesis 29:21 Then Jacob said to
Laban, "Give
(Command in the Lxx = apodidomi = as "payment that was due") me
my wife, for my time is completed, that I may go in to her." (same idea
in Ge 30:26 the idea being that Laban owed Jacob)
Psalm 22:25-note
From You comes my praise in the great assembly; I shall pay my vows
before those who fear Him.
Comment: When asking the LORD
for help, the psalmists would typically promise to praise the LORD
publicly if he intervened and delivered them (NET Bible Note)
Psalm 50:14-note
"Offer
(qal imperative) to God a sacrifice of thanksgiving and pay
(Lxx = apodidomi) your vows to the Most High; (Used in the
same way with idea of repaying one's vow - Ps 22:25, 61:8, 66:13,
116:18, Eccl 5:4,5, Is 19:21)
Psalm 51:12-note
Restore
(Hiphil imperative - Hebrew = chadash = renew, repair, renovate, like an altar 1Sa 11:14 and
here figuratively = revitalize to a state or condition identical or
nearly the same as the prior state; Lxx = apodidomi in
aorist imperative)
to me the joy of Your salvation And sustain me with a willing spirit.
Psalm 76:11-note
Make vows to the LORD your God and fulfill (Heb = shalem = pay them
back; Lxx = apodidomi) them; Let all who are around Him bring gifts to
Him who is to be feared.
Psalm 94:2-note
Rise up (imperative), O
Judge of the earth, Render
(Lxx = apodidomi in
aorist imperative)
recompense to the proud.
Psalm 94:23-note He has brought
back (Lxx = apodidomi) their wickedness upon them And will destroy
them in their evil; The LORD our God will destroy them.
Proverbs 17:13 He who returns
(Lxx = apodidomi) evil for good, Evil will not depart from his
house.
Jeremiah 22:13 "Woe to him who builds
his house without righteousness And his upper rooms without justice, Who
uses his neighbor's services without pay And does not give (Lxx =
apodidomi) him his wages,
Jeremiah 32:18 (Lord God, Je 32:17) Who shows
lovingkindness to thousands, but repays (Heb = shalem = pay them
back; Lxx = apodidomi) the iniquity of fathers into the bosom of
their children after them, O great and mighty God. The LORD of hosts is
His name;
In the
present context in 2Timothy 4:8 apodidomi refers to the award for faithful service from our Lord
and Master Jesus, Who
will
render (apodidomi) to every man according to his deeds (Ro
2:6-note)
Wuest pictures...
Paul, the spiritual athlete, his victory won, is resting at the goal
posts, awaiting the award which the judge’s stand will give him. (Wuest)
MacArthur comments that
Christ knows the value or inferiority of our service because His
judgment is perfect. Christ will recompense us with the general reward
of eternal righteousness and Christ-likeness, and any specific reward
for our faithful service" for "on
that
day" the
"righteous
Judge" will "bring
to light the things hidden in the darkness and disclose the motives of
men's hearts and then each man's praise will come to him from God."
(1Cor 4:5) for "each man's work will become evident; for the day will
show it, because it is to be revealed with fire; and the fire itself
will test the quality of each man's work. If any man's work which he has
built upon it remains, he shall receive a reward. If any man's work is
burned up, he shall suffer loss; but he himself shall be saved, yet so
as through fire." (1Cor 3:13 14,15, Mt 25:29)
In the last chapter of
the Revelation, Jesus reiterates the truth of divine reward which
should cause all God's servants to search their hearts and motives and
deeds...
Behold, I am coming quickly, and My reward
is with Me,
to render
(apodidomi) to every man according to what he has done. (Rev
22:12-note)
MacArthur adds that
Selfishly
motivated
good deeds (Ed
note: "bad" [see
word study on phaulos] or worthless deeds 2Cor
5:10-note
~ "wood, hay, and stubble" 1Cor 3:12) may be of great help to other
people and may be used by God for His glory, but they will merit no
reward for the doer.
MacArthur goes on to
illustrate this principle
In
1904, William Borden, a member of the Borden dairy family, finished high
school in Chicago and was given a world cruise as a graduation present.
Particularly while traveling through the Near East and Far East, he
became heavily burdened for the lost. After returning home, he spent
seven years at Princeton University, the first four in undergraduate
work and the last three in seminary. While in school, he penned these
words in the back of his Bible: “No reserves.” Although his
family pleaded with him to take control of the business, which was
foundering, he insisted that God’s call to the mission field had
priority. After disposing of his wealth, he added “No retreat”
after “No reserves.” On his way to China to witness to Muslims
there, he contracted cerebral meningitis in Egypt and died within a
month. After his death, someone looking through his Bible discovered
these final words: “No regrets.” He knew that the Lord does not
require success, only faithfulness...good work that is
sincerely intended but not completed through no fault of the doer will
merit a sincere doer’s reward, because it is the heart that God weighs.
William Borden accomplished virtually none of the ministry he had
envisioned, having been cut off by death even before he reached his
field of service. But his final declaration of “No regrets” was
well founded in the assurance that he had genuinely sought and
faithfully obeyed the Lord’s will." (bolding added)
THAT DAY
WHAT DAY?
On that day
-
as discussed above this time phrase (see
expressions of time) almost certainly refers to the Judgment (Bema) Seat
of Christ at which "we must all appear...that each one may be
recompensed for his deeds in the body, according to what he has
done, whether good or bad (worthless)" (2Cor 5:10
cf Ro 14:10, 11, 12- notes
Ro 14:10;
11;
12)
(See
Synopsis
of End Time Judgments and
Table comparing Rapture vs Second
Coming)
Paul earlier had alluded to this
day
exulting that the Lord
is able to guard what I have entrusted to Him
until
that
day
(2Ti 1:12-note)
Paul
prayed for Onesiphorus that the
Lord grant to him to find mercy
from the Lord on
that
day"
when he would be recompensed for faithful "services he rendered at
Ephesus" (2Ti 1:18-note)
Life
is the seedtime for eternity.
What are you planting?
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><> ><>
THE REAL MEANING OF REAL LIFE
- Every year thousands of people commit
suicide; in fact, the number of such deaths has been increasing at an
alarming rate. The reason is not difficult to discover. Most educated
people who do not know Jesus Christ believe we are the accidental
products of evolution. They say there is nothing that has lasting value,
and our actions whether good or bad are not of eternal consequence. In
other words, they reject the idea of Heaven or Hell after death. As a
result, most of these individuals are wretchedly unhappy, even though
they may give themselves quite unreservedly to sensual pleasures.
Without faith in God, life is absurd, tragic, and meaningless. Although
it is popular to think in terms of living without God, it is becoming
increasingly evident that human beings, created in the likeness and
image of God, cannot live with such a concept
We see evidence of this in modern art. Many of us have laughed as we
stood before such so-called "masterpieces." All we could see was an
apparently meaningless mixture of lines, blots, and blurs. Yet these
works are considered great from the artistic point of view because
through them the painter has expressed his utter frustration with life
as he sees it. They exhibit the feelings of his tortured soul. Indeed,
some artists have committed suicide right after the completion of such a
painting. The world is going mad because men who have been made for God
are trying to live without Him!
How utterly different was Paul's concept. Because of Jesus Christ, life
for him had real meaning. He looked forward to Heaven where he would
receive a glorious reward for earthly faithfulness (2Ti 4:8). If you
know Christ, thank God for the difference He makes. Then share this good
news with others. (Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
"To live
is Christ," and death is "gain,"
If for the Lord we spend each day!
"Redeem the time" —'tis God's own gift,
Let us not squander it away!
—Bosch
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><> ><>
What
Matters Most - In the mid-1970s, Ed Roberts created the world's
first commercially successful personal computer (PC). He hired a
19-year-old named Bill Gates to write software for him.
Roberts sold his computer business in 1977 and bought a farm. Seven
years later, at the age of 41, he entered medical school. Today Bill
Gates is the head of the largest software company in the world. Ed
Roberts is a physician in a small Georgia town.
Roberts says, "The implication is that the PC is the most important
thing I've ever done, and I don't think that's true. Every day I deal
with things that are equally if not more important here with my
patients."
How can we evaluate the significance of our lives? Something deep inside
tells us that such a thing cannot be measured by wealth and fame.
As we look at the apostle Paul's turbulent life, it seems noteworthy
that he approached the end with a peaceful sense of successful
completion. He wrote, "I have fought the good fight, I have finished the
race, I have kept the faith" (2Ti 4:7). Paul looked confidently not to
the world but to "the Lord, the righteous Judge," for approval and
reward (2Ti 4:8).
How do you measure the significance of your life? Only God can tell you
what matters most. — David C. McCasland (Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
Since
sooner than later we'll face our Creator,
Whose gaze pierces through to the heart,
Let's make sure our dreams, our goals, and grand schemes
Have Christ in our plans from the start. —Gustafson
The measure of a life
is determined by the Ruler of the universe.
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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF A LIFE - In the mid-1970s, Ed Roberts created
the world's first commercially successful personal computer (PC). He
hired a 19-year-old named Bill Gates to write software for him.
Roberts sold his computer business in 1977 and bought a farm. Seven
years later, at the age of 41, he entered medical school. Today Bill
Gates is the head of the largest software company in the world. Ed
Roberts is a physician in a small Georgia town.
Roberts says
The implication is that the PC is the
most important thing I've ever done, and I don't think that's true.
Every day I deal with things that are equally if not more important here
with my patients.
How can we evaluate the
significance of our lives?
Something deep inside tells us that
such a thing cannot be measured by wealth and fame.
As we look at the apostle Paul's turbulent life, it seems noteworthy
that he approached the end with a peaceful sense of successful
completion. He wrote, "I have fought the good fight, I have finished the
race, I have kept the faith" (2Ti 4:7). Paul looked confidently not
to the world but to "the Lord, the righteous Judge," for approval and
reward (2Ti 4:8).
How do you measure the significance of your life? Only God can tell you
what matters most. --D C McCasland (Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
(Bolding and color added)
Since sooner than later we'll face
our Creator,
Whose gaze pierces through to the heart,
Let's make sure our dreams, our goals, and grand schemes
Have Christ in our plans from the start. --Gustafson
The measure of a life
is determined by the Ruler of the universe
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He
Read His Own Obituary! - Alfred Nobel opened his newspaper one
morning in 1888 and was shocked to read his own obituary. The fact was
that Nobel’s brother had died, and a careless reporter had put the wrong
man in the story. The incident left Nobel deeply disturbed for more than
the obvious reasons. Through the erroneous obituary, he saw himself as
the world saw him--a wealthy Swedish industrialist whose most enduring
legacy was the invention of dynamite. Resolving to do something that
would uphold his cherished ideals, Nobel used a portion of his great
wealth to establish prizes that would reward people whose work benefited
humanity. The Nobel Prizes were first awarded in 1901, and today they
are still considered the most esteemed prizes in the world. The
soul-searching that Alfred Nobel underwent as he reviewed his life is
the same kind of self-examination Christians need to make regularly.
Paul urged the Corinthians, “Examine yourselves” (2Cor. 13:5).
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Living For Eternity
- In a letter to his brother, agnostic Robert G. Ingersoll reflected on
his life. He wrote, "I feel that we have passed the crown of the hill,
and that the milestones are getting nearer and nearer each other, and
now and then I catch glimpses of the great wall where the road ends. A
little while ago, I pressed forward; now I hold back. In youth we woo
the future and clasp her like a bride; in age we denounce her as a fair
and beautiful liar and wonder at the ease with which we were duped.
Pursuing that which eludes, gazing at that which fades, hoping for the
impossible, regretting that which is, fearing that which must be, and
with [nothing] worth having save the bliss of love. And in the red heart
of this white flower there is this pang: 'It cannot last.'"
Compare those depressing words with the statement of Paul, who looked to
the close of life with confidence because he knew Christ: "I have fought
the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith.
Finally, there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the
Lord, the righteous Judge, will give to me on that Day" (2Tim. 4:7,8).
Do you know Jesus as your Savior? Are you living for Him? Then you can
anticipate a glorious future! — Richard De Haan
God leads
us in the path of righteousness
For His name's sake, and as we walk that way
We know it leads at last to heaven above,
To which our souls will rise one glorious day. --Hess
What we go after here
determines where we go hereafter.
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AND NOT ONLY
TO ME BUT TO ALL WHO HAVE LOVED HIS APPEARING: ou monon de emoi alla kai pasi tois egapekosi (RAPMPD)
ten epiphaneian autou: (Ro 8:23; 1Co 2:9; 2Co 5:2; 1Th
1:10; Titus 2:13; Heb 9:28; Rev 1:7; 22:20)
Other
translations -
also to everyone who is eagerly waiting for Him to come again (GWT),
to all those who have had love for His revelation (BBE), to all those who have loved His
appearing and as a result have their love fixed on it. (Wuest),
but to all those who have waited with love for him to come again (ICB),
all who have loved and longed for His appearance (Moffatt),
to all those who have had love for his revelation (BBE), who have loved His forthshining (Rhm),
who have set their hearts on His coming (NEB),
who have loved the thought of His appearing (WNT),
who have yearned for and welcomed His appearing [His return] (Amp),
"having fallen in love" with His appearing (Hodges)
John Wesley said that
"only a real Christian can" truly love and look forward to Christ's appearing.
A PROPER PERSPECTIVE
PROMOTES PERSEVERANCE
IN PERSECUTION
Mark
it down beloved - If you are looking for and hoping for and loving
for and living for the return of the Lover of your soul, your heavenly
Bridegroom, you will be anchored firmly when the winds of persecution
come, for they are a prophetic promise to all who desire to live godly
in Christ Jesus (2Ti 3:12-note).
Proper perspective produces perseverance in persecution. Contrast Demas
a man who fixed his eyes, his hope and his heart on the passing
pleasures of this godless world system (2Ti 4:10-note).
What (Who) you are LOVING
determines what (Who) you are LOOKING for and in turn what (Who)
you are LIVING for and finally for what (or Whom) you are willing
to LAY DOWN YOUR LIFE!
(2Ti 4:6-note)
Loved (25)
(agapao
[word study]) describes God's love "which has been poured
out within...hearts (of believers) through the Holy Spirit" (Ro
5:5-note)
and which is manifest by a believer's love for his or her Lord's
appearing
and by their obedience. Jesus instructed His disciples "If
you love
Me, you will keep My commandments"
(cf Jn 14:15)
and "If anyone
loves Me, he will keep My word...He who does not
love
Me does not keep My words..."
(Jn 14:23, 24)
In the
immediate context Paul's actions in (2Ti 4:7)
are a clear indication of his love for Christ's appearing
and are in striking contrast to Demas in (2Ti 4:10-note)
who loved (agapao) this
present world.
A disciple of Christ is not to
love
the world, nor the things in the world. If anyone
loves
the world, the
love
of the Father is not in him
(1Jn 2:15-note)
John writes that
love is the mark of a genuine disciple of Christ...
Beloved, let us love (present
tense) one
another, for love is from God; and everyone who loves (present
tense - as
the general direction of their life, not perfection) is born of God and
knows God.
(1Jn 4:7, cp Jn 13:35)
Isaiah records
that
the LORD longs to be gracious to you, and therefore He waits on
high to have compassion on you. For the LORD is a God of justice. How
blessed are all those who long for (Hebrew = hakah = to wait for,
to tarry, to long or hope for;
Septuagint
= emmeno = to remain true to, in the
present tense
= continue
cleave to, to persevere, to stand fast or by) Him." (Isaiah
30:18)
Agapao
is in the
perfect tense which indicates they had fixed their love
on Christ's appearing at some time in the past and were still in
that condition. Thus the perfect tense speaks of the permanence or steadfastness
of their love for Christ's appearing. The idea is that they had fallen in love
with His appearing and were still in love with it! This brings to mind
the bride (the Church) who is longing for her Bridegroom's return.
Practically speaking when you are living with such a Spirit wrought
loving mindset (Ro 5:5-note),
you are much more likely to be making daily choices that bring glory and
honor to your Groom's Name!
Dwight Edwards
illustrates this idea with
The wife whose beloved husband is on his way home after a prolonged
absence longs for and eagerly anticipates the day that the man of her
heart returns. As she watches in keen expectation, the passengers slowly
file out of the plane until at last her eyes gaze upon the face of her
beloved. She truly "loves his appearing." In the same way, the faithful
disciple longs for and keenly anticipates the day when Christ will
return to leave no more. Because the strings of his heart are tightly
bound around the King of kings, he counts Christ's return a supreme
treasure and has "fallen in love" with His appearing. But the heart
which is not "wholly His," which maintains its deep cravings for the
pleasures and comforts of this world, cannot long for or "love His
appearing." (Edwards)
Appearing
(2015) (See
Day of Christ )
(epiphaneia
[word study]
from
epiphaino in turn from epi = upon + phaino
= shine) means literally to "shine upon" a fitting description of
the glory which will become visible when "the Sun of Righteousness
arises with healing in His wings" (Mal
3:2, Mt 24:30,
Re 1;7-note)
Epiphaneia - 6x in the NT - 2Th 2:8; 1Ti 6:14; 2Ti 1:10;
4:1, 8; Titus 2:13-note
In his first epistle Paul
used the truth that Timothy would one day have to appear before the
Captain of the hosts Himself when he charged him to
keep (tereo
= same verb used in 2Ti 4:7 "kept the faith") the commandment without
stain or reproach until the
appearing
(epiphaneia) of our Lord Jesus Christ.
(1Ti 6:14)
As Paul wrote the Philippians
Our
citizenship (politeuma) is in heaven, from which also we eagerly wait
(apekdechomai
[in
present tense
= as our lifestyle] = with great anticipation and expectation) for a Savior, the Lord Jesus
Christ. (Php 3:20-note)
In Titus
Paul wrote we are to be continually
looking (prosdechomai
= [in
present tense
= as our lifestyle] earnestly, expectantly) for the blessed hope and the
appearing (epiphaneia) of the glory of
our great God and Savior, Christ Jesus.
(Titus 2:13-note)
Beloved, who or what you are
looking for tomorrow will determine what or who you
are living for today.
Do you truly love the thought of
Christ's
appearing? Do your thoughts, your words, your actions (e.g., your
checkbook) indicate that you are truly looking, longing and loving
His appearing?
Beloved, next to losing one’s soul and going
to hell, (in my opinion) the greatest tragedy may well be when a
believer enters into glory and discovers that he or she had squandered
the opportunities the Lord had given them to bring Him glory. Only a
person longing for His appearing will live like He could appear today.
MacArthur
adds this challenge:
Do you love Christ? Do you show it by delighting in and obeying God's
Word? If so, you'll receive an eternal reward of perfect righteousness
in eternity. You can enhance and enrich that eternal reward by
faithfully serving Christ now. That's why Paul said, "Whatever you do,
do your work heartily, as for the Lord rather than for men; knowing that
from the Lord you will receive the reward of the inheritance. It is the
Lord Christ whom you serve" (Col 3:23, 24-note)
. By loving and serving Christ with all your heart, you'll enjoy
eternity as Christ expresses back to you His gratitude for your service.
He will do so by enhancing your service and responsibility beyond what
you can imagine! You'll know the fullness of eternal joy as you serve
the One who gave Himself for you."
Edwards
has an interesting way to gauge if you love His appearing:
A significant question to ask ourselves in this regard is, "WHAT THINGS
DO I DESPERATELY WANT TO EXPERIENCE OR ACHIEVE BEFORE CHRIST RETURNS?"
The length of our answer to this question is an unerring gauge of our
love and devotion to Christ and His eternal kingdom. The more answers we
have, the more things we deeply crave before Christ returns; the less
affection we will have for Him and His appearing. The heart which is
captivated by the allurements of this age will feel little interest for
the inauguration of a new age in which the present allurements will be
utterly stripped away. But the servant whose heart is captivated by the
person of Christ and His work will call out with the apostle John, "Even
so, come, Lord Jesus! (Re 22:20-note)
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C H
Spurgeon writes that...
Our Master taught us how to die as
well as how to live. He could say, “I have finished the work which You
gave Me” (John 17:4). Triple blessed is the believer who, in
permanently laying down the shepherd’s staff or the carpenter’s plane,
or in putting aside the ledger or the schoolbook, can exclaim, “I have
fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith.
Finally, there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness which the
Lord, the righteous Judge, will give to me” (2 Ti 4:7, 8).
They asked good old Mede, the
Puritan, how he was doing. He answered, “Going home as fast as I can,
and bless God I have a good home to go to.” Dear aged saint, so near
home, faith will transform death from an enemy to a friend as it brings
the glory near. You will soon be in the Father’s house and leave me
behind. But I am not sure. I remember that the other disciple outran
Peter and came first to the tomb (John 20:4), and so may I. You have
the start on me in years, but I may be called home first.
Let death come. We will not be
afraid. Jesus, who loved us and gave His life for us, is the
resurrection and the life (John 11:25). Why should we not want to go?
What is here that we should want to wait? What is there on this poor
earth to detain a heaven born and heaven bound spirit? Let us go. He,
our treasure, is gone. He whose beauties have enthralled our love is not
here. Why should we linger? He has risen (Mt 28:7). Let us rise.
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The
Promised Prize - Recently I received a magazine
sweepstakes letter that addressed me by name and repeatedly mentioned a
$500,000 prize. It spoke of instant wealth and a lifetime of leisure.
Finally, at the bottom of page 2, in very small print, I found the part
I was looking for. As required by law, the letter told me that the
approximate numerical odds of my winning the prize were 1 in 80 million.
Now that's remote!
Contrast that with Paul's anticipation of what awaited him in heaven:
"There is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the
righteous Judge, will give to me on that Day, and not to me only but
also to all who have loved His appearing" (2Ti 4:8). Note his
assurance: "There is laid up for me." Not "there might be" or "there's a
slight chance"--"there is."
J. Oswald Sanders writes, "This crown is awarded to those who have
completed the Christian race with integrity, with eyes fixed on the
coming Lord. It is the reward for fulfilling the ministry entrusted to
one."
If you have welcomed Christ into your life, long for His appearing, and
are faithfully running your race, then the same prize awaits you. Count
on it, plan on it, anticipate it! It's a promise from God. --D C McCasland
(Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
Run the
straight race through God's good grace,
Lift up your eyes and seek His face;
Life with its way before us lies,
Christ is the path, and Christ the prize. --Monsell
Our present choices determine our future rewards.
See
Finishing Well
(RBC Booklet)
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What
Will Happen? -In his book Spirit Life, Stuart Briscoe writes, "When I
moved to the United States, I was impressed with the number of total
strangers who visited my home to wish me well . . . . They all sold
insurance!
"One day my visitor was talking about the necessity to be prudent in the
preparation for all possibilities. 'If something should happen to you,
Mr. Briscoe—' he started to say, but I interrupted with, 'Please don't
say that. It upsets me.' . . . He looked totally bewildered and said, 'I
don't understand what I said to upset you.' 'Then I'll tell you,' I
replied. 'It upsets me that you talk about [life's] only certainty as if
it's a possibility. Death isn't a possibility, it's a certainty. You
don't say "if," you say "when," whenever death is the subject.' Then I
added, 'By the way, when something happens to you, what will really
happen?'"
The apostle Paul was very open about his death (2Timothy 4:6). He knew
that its sting had been removed because Christ paid sin's penalty on the
cross (1Corinthians 15:55, 56, 57). Death would give way to victory (v.54);
he would fully experience Christ's righteousness; and he would be with
Christ (2 Corinthians 5:8). Jesus gives that same confidence to all who
trust Him as Savior and Lord. —Dennis J. De Haan
FOR FURTHER STUDY
Read1 Corinthians 15:35-58.
Find out more about life after death in the RBC booklet
Where Do We Go From Here?
Only
if we are ready to die are we ready to live.
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TWO
VIEWS OF LIFE - Every year thousands of people commit suicide; in
fact, the number of such deaths has been increasing at an alarming rate.
The reason is not difficult to discover. Most educated people who do not
know Jesus Christ believe we are the accidental products of evolution.
They say there is nothing that has lasting value, and our actions
whether good or bad are not of eternal consequence. In other words,
they reject the idea of Heaven or Hell after death. As a result, most of
these individuals are wretchedly unhappy, even though they may give
themselves quite unreservedly to sensual pleasures. Without faith in
God, life is absurd, tragic, and meaningless. Although it is popular to
think in terms of living without God, it is becoming increasingly
evident that human beings, created in the likeness and image of God,
can-not live with such a concept
We see evidence of this in modern art. Many of us have laughed as we
stood before such so-called "masterpieces." All we could see was an
apparently meaningless mixture of lines, blots, and blurs. Yet these
works are considered great from the artistic point of view because
through them the painter has expressed his utter frustration with life
as he sees it. They exhibit the feelings of his tortured soul. Indeed,
some artists have committed suicide right after the completion of such a
painting. The world is going mad because men who have been made for God
are trying to live without Him!
How utterly different was Paul's concept. Because of Jesus Christ, life
for him had real meaning. He looked forward to Heaven where he would
receive a glorious reward for earthly faithfulness (2Ti 4:8). If you
know Christ, thank God for the difference He makes. Then share this good
news with others. (Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
"To live is
Christ," and death is "gain,"
If for the Lord we spend each day!
"Redeem the time" —'tis God's own gift,
Let us not squander it away! —Bosch
Life is the
seedtime of eternity!
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C H Spurgeon in
Morning and Evening writes this devotional note on 2Timothy 4:8...
Doubting one! thou hast often said,
“I fear I shall never enter heaven.” Fear not! all the people of God
shall enter there. I love the quaint saying of a dying man, who
exclaimed, “I have no fear of going home; I have sent all before me;
God’s finger is on the latch of my door, and I am ready for him to
enter.” “But,” said one, “are you not afraid lest you should miss your
inheritance?” “Nay,” said he, “nay; there is one crown in heaven which
the angel Gabriel could not wear, it will fit no head but mine. There is
one throne in heaven which Paul the apostle could not fill; it was made
for me, and I shall have it.”
O Christian, what a joyous thought! thy
portion is secure; “there remaineth a rest.” “But cannot I forfeit it?”
No, it is entailed. If I be a child of God I shall not lose it. It is
mine as securely as if I were there. Come with me, believer, and let us
sit upon the top of Nebo, and view the goodly land, even Canaan. Seest
thou that little river of death glistening in the sunlight, and across
it dost thou see the pinnacles of the eternal city? Dost thou mark the
pleasant country, and all its joyous inhabitants? Know, then, that if
thou couldst fly across thou wouldst see written upon one of its many
mansions, “This remaineth for such a one; preserved for him only. He
shall be caught up to dwell for ever with God.”
Poor doubting one, see
the fair inheritance; it is thine. If thou believest in the Lord Jesus,
if thou hast repented of sin, if thou hast been renewed in heart, thou
art one of the Lord’s people, and there is a place reserved for thee, a
crown laid up for thee, a harp specially provided for thee. No one else
shall have thy portion, it is reserved in heaven for thee, and thou
shalt have it ere long, for there shall be no vacant thrones in glory
when all the chosen are gathered in.
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