AND WHEN THE
CHIEF SHEPHERD APPEARS: kai phanerothentos (AAPMSG) tou
archipoimenos: (1Pe 5:2; 2:25; Ps 23:1; Is 40:11; Eze 34:23;
37:24; Zec 13:7; Jn 10:11; Heb 13:20) (Mt 25:31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36,
37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46; Col 3:3,4; 2Th 1:7, 8, 9, 10;
1Jn 3:2; Rev 1:7; 20:11,12)
And when - Not "if" but
"when" - Beloved are you ready? Are you living each day as if it might
be the glorious day when He returns to take us home? (See
Rapture versus Second Coming)
Appears (5319)
(phaneroo from phanerós = manifest, visible, conspicuous
from phaino = give light; become visible from phos =
light) refers to an external manifestation to senses open to all. It
means to make visible that which has been hidden primary reference is
to what is visible to sensory perception. To cause to become visible,
to make appear, to cause to be seen, uncover, lay bare, reveal. To
make known, cause to be seen.
Note
aorist tense
denotes a single event, specifically the
Second Coming
of
Christ (Col 3:4; 1Jn 2:28; 3:1, 2, 3) (1Peter 1:20 speaks of His first
advent)
Chief Shepherd (750)
(archipoimen from archí- = denoting rank or degree +
poimen = a shepherd) is Jesus Christ Who died for the sheep (Jn 10:11),
the Great Shepherd Who lives for the sheep (cp prayer in Heb 13:20,21-notes) and the
Chief Shepherd Who comes for the sheep (1Pe 5:4).
As the Chief
Shepherd Christ is in charge of the entire flock and all the elders
are under-shepherds whose work will be evaluated and rewarded by Him.
When the Chief Shepherd comes He is going to call us to account and
ask...
Did you feed My sheep?
Were you vigilant over the souls of My
sheep?
Did you seek My lost sheep?
Did you guard the deposit of My
truth?
Did you stand watch against the wolves?
Did you love My flock?
Torrey's Topic
Christ, the Shepherd
Foretold - Ge 49:24; Isaiah
40:11; Ezekiel 34:23; 37:24
The chief - 1 Peter 5:4
The good - John 10:11,14
The great -Micah 5:4; Hebrews 13:20
HIS SHEEP
He knows -John 10:14,27
He calls -John 10:3
He gathers -Isaiah 40:11; John 10:16
He guides -Psalms 23:3; John 10:3,4
He feeds -Psalms 23:1,2; John 10:9
He cherishes tenderly -Isaiah 40:11
He protects and preserves -Jeremiah 31:10; Ezekiel 34:10; Zechariah
9:16; John 10:28
He laid down his life for -Zechariah 13:7; Matthew 26:31; John
10:11,15; Acts 20:28
He gives eternal life to -John 10:28
Typified -David -1 Samuel 16:11
Torrey's Topic
The Second coming of Christ
Time of, unknown -Matthew 24:36;
Mark 13:32
CALLED THE
Times of refreshing from the presence of the Lord -Acts 3:19
Times of restitution of all things -Acts 3:21; Romans 8:21
Last time -1 Peter 1:5
Appearing of Jesus Christ -1 Peter 1:7
Revelation of Jesus Christ -1 Peter 1:13
Glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour -Titus 2:13
Coming of the day of God -2 Peter 3:12
Day of our Lord Jesus Christ -1 Corinthians 1:8
FORETOLD BY
Prophets -Daniel 7:13; Jude 1:14
Himself -Matthew 25:31; John 14:3
Apostles -Acts 3:20; 1 Timothy 6:14
Angels -Acts 1:10,11
Signs preceding -Matthew 24:3-51
The Manner of
In clouds -Matthew 24:30; 26:64; Revelation 1:7
In the glory of his Father -Matthew 16:27
In his own glory -Matthew 25:31
In flaming fire -2 Thessalonians 1:8
With power and great glory -Matthew 24:30
As he ascended -Acts 1:9,11
With a shout and the voice of the Archangel -1 Thessalonians 4:16
Accompanied by Angels -Matthew 16:27; 25:31; Mark 8:38; 2
Thessalonians 1:7
With his saints -1 Thessalonians 3:13; Jude 1:14
Suddenly -Mark 13:36
Unexpectedly -Matthew 24:44; Luke 12:40
As a thief in the night -1 Thessalonians 5:2; 2 Peter 3:10; Revelation
16:15
As the lightning -Matthew 24:27
The heavens and earth shall be dissolved, &c at -2 Peter 3:10,12
They who shall have died in Christ shall rise first at -1
Thessalonians 4:16
The saints alive at, shall be caught up to meet him -1 Thessalonians
4:17
Is not to make atonement -Hebrews 9:28; Romans 6:9,10; Hebrews 10:14
THE PURPOSES OF, ARE TO
Complete the salvation of saints -Hebrews 9:28; 1 Peter 1:5
Be glorified in his saints -2 Thessalonians 1:10
Be admired in them that believe -2 Thessalonians 1:10
Bring to light the hidden things of darkness -1 Corinthians 4:5
Judge -Psalms 50:3,4; John 5:22; 2Ti 4:1; Jude 1:15; Re 20:11, 12, 13
Reign -Isaiah 24:23; Daniel 7:14; Revelation 11:15
Destroy death -1 Corinthians 15:25,26
Every eye shall see him at Revelation 1:7
Should be always considered as at hand -Ro 13:12; Philippians 4:5; 1Pe
4:7
Blessedness of being prepared for -Matthew 24:46; Luke 12:37,38
SAINTS
Assured of -Job 19:25,26
Love -2 Timothy 4:8
Look for -Philippians 3:20; Titus 2:13
Wait for -1 Corinthians 1:7; 1 Thessalonians 1:10
Haste to -2 Peter 3:12
Pray for -Revelation 22:20
Should be ready for -Matthew 24:44; Luke 12:40
Should watch for Matthew 24:42; Mark 13:35-37; Luke 21:36
Should be patient to -2 Thessalonians 3:5; James 5:7,8
Shall be preserved to Philippians 1:6; 2 Timothy 4:18; 1 Peter 1:5;
Jude 1:24
Shall not be ashamed at -1 John 2:28; 4:17
Shall be blameless at 1 Corinthians 1:8; 1Th 3:13; 5:23; Jude 1:24
Shall be like him at Philippians 3:21; 1 John 3:2
Shall see him as he is, at -1 John 3:2
Shall appear with him in glory at -Colossians 3:4
Shall receive a crown of glory at 2 Timothy 4:8; 1 Peter 5:4
Shall reign with him at - Daniel 7:27; 2Ti 2:12; Re 5:10; 20:6; 22:5
Faith of, shall be found to praise at -1 Peter 1:7
THE WICKED
Scoff at -2 Peter 3:3,4
Presume upon the delay of -Matthew 24:48
Shall be surprised by -Mt 24:37-39; 1 Th 5:3; 2Pe 3:10
Shall be punished at -2Thessalonians 1:8,9
The man of sin to be destroyed at 2 Thessalonians 2:8
Illustrated -Matthew 25:6; Luke 12:36,39; 19:12,15
YOU WILL
RECEIVE THE UNFADING
CROWN OF GLORY: komieisthe (2PFMI) ton amarantinon tes doxes stephanon:
(1Pe 1:4; Da 12:3; 1Co 9:25; 2Ti 4:8; James 1:12; Rev 2:10; 3:11)
Receive (2865)
(komizo
from komeo = tend, take care
of)
means to bring bear or carry (used this way only in Lk 7:37) and in
the middle voice to receive back (in sense of requital, recompense or
reward) or to get what is promised (as in 1 Peter 5:4
[note],
Hebrews 10:36
[note])
or to get back something that is one's own or is owed to one (as in Mt
25:27)
As A T Robertson says "This is a general law
of life and of God and it is fair and square."
Komizo
conveys the thought of
getting something for oneself and carrying it off as wages or a prize.
The verb implies, not mere obtaining, but receiving and carrying away
for use and enjoyment. Peter is teaching that in that coming Day of Judgment at the
bema seat of Christ
these faithful
shepherds will joyfully carry away as their own “the
unfading crown of glory.”
Komizo can describe a reward
for good (as here in 1Peter 5:4), not a penalty for
wrong (as in 2Peter 2:13 referring to the false teachers).
Thayer has this note in
regard to komizo with the sense of recompense...
Since in the rewards and
punishments of deeds, the deeds themselves are as it were requited and
so given back to their authors, the meaning is obvious when one is
said to be requited that which he has done, i.e. either the reward or
punishment of the deed
Vincent
says that
komizo ...
originally means to take care of or provide for; thence to
receive hospitably or entertain; to bring home with a view to
entertaining or taking care of. Hence, to carry away so as to
preserve, to save, rescue, and so to carry away as a prize or booty.
Generally, to receive or acquire. Paul uses it of receiving the awards
of judgment (2Cor 5:10; see Ep 6:8 -note;
Col 3:25-note).
In Hebrews
komizo is used of receiving the promise (Heb 10:36-note;
Heb 11:39-note),
and of Abraham receiving back Isaac
(Hebrews 11:19 -
see
note).
Peter uses it thrice, and in each case of receiving the rewards of
righteousness or of iniquity. --- see 1Peter 5:4-note;
2Peter 2:13-note.
Below are the 11 NT uses of
komizo...notice that only the use in Luke 7:37 is in the active
voice (gives sense of bring) and all other uses are in the
middle voice (sense of receiving back)...
Matthew 25:27 'Then you
ought to have put my money in the bank, and on my arrival I would have
received my money back with interest.
Luke 7:37 And behold,
there was a woman in the city who was a sinner; and when she learned
that He was reclining at the table in the Pharisee's house, she
brought an alabaster vial of perfume. (Comment: Louw-Nida
state that here komizo means "to carry or bring something to someone,
usually implying a transfer"
2 Corinthians 5:10 For
we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one
may be recompensed for his deeds in the body, according to what
he has done, whether good or bad. (Comment: Louw-Nida write
that in this use the idea to cause to experience or "to cause someone
to experience something on the basis of what that person has already
done—‘to cause to experience in return, to cause to suffer for, to
cause to experience in proportion to, to be repaid for")
Ephesians 6:8 (note)
knowing that whatever good thing each one does, this he will
receive back from the Lord, whether slave or free.
Colossians 3:25
(note)
For he who does wrong will
receive the consequences of the wrong which he has done, and that
without partiality. (Comment: Here the master or the slave
shall receive back the wrong which he or she did, which reflects the
general law of life and of God which is "fair and square" as they say)
Hebrews 10:36 (note)
For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of
God, you may receive what was promised. (Comment:
Komizo implies, not mere obtaining, but receiving and carrying
away for use and enjoyment.)
Hebrews 11:19 (note)
He considered that God is able to raise men even from the dead; from
which he also received him back as a type. (Comment:
This describes Abraham's "receiving" back of Isaac after
offering him up without hesitation or stipulation.)
Hebrews 11:39 (note) And
all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive
what was promised,
1 Peter 1:9
obtaining as the outcome of your faith the salvation of your
souls. (Comment: Peter is not looking at the future but at the
here and now; one could literally render obtaining [komizomenoi],
“presently receiving for yourselves.” The root, komizo,
means “to receive what is deserved.” Flowing out of believers’
personal fellowship with Christ is the result due them, the present
outcome of their faith, namely the salvation of their souls. --
MacArthur, J. 1 Peter. Chicago:
Moody Press or
Logos)
1 Peter 5:4 (note)
And when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the
unfading crown of glory.
2 Peter 2:13 (note)
(KJV is quoted as the Greek text for NAS does not use
komizo) And shall receive the reward of unrighteousness, as
they that count it pleasure to riot in the day time. Spots they are
and blemishes, sporting themselves with their own deceivings while
they feast with you;
There are 8 uses of komizo
in the Septuagint (Ge 38:20; Lev 20:17; Ezra 6:5; Ps 40:15;
Ezek 16:52, 54, 58; Ho 2:9). For example Moses records...
Genesis 38:20 When
Judah sent the kid by
his friend the Adullamite, to receive (Lxx = komizo) the pledge
from the woman's hand, he did not find her.
Leviticus 20:17 'If there is
a man who takes his sister, his father's daughter or his mother's
daughter, so that he sees her nakedness and she sees his nakedness, it
is a disgrace; and they shall be cut off in the sight of the sons of
their people. He has uncovered his sister's nakedness; he bears
(Lxx = komizo) his guilt.
Unfading (262)
(amarantinos from amárantos = unfading from a =
without, + maraíno = to fade) literally means unfading as a
flower but is used figuratively of that which is lasting, that which does not
fade away or that which lose its pristine character.
Amarantinos does
not refer to the quality of the heavenly inheritance as not fading
away, but rather to the makeup of the crown itself as being of
amaranths, unfading flowers whose unfading quality (and which can
be revived easily by being moistened with water) was the symbol of
perpetuity and immortality.
Kenneth Wuest makes the
point that...
The crown given to victors in
either athletics or war was made of oak or ivy leaves, the festal
garlands of the marriage feast, of flowers. These would wither and
fade. But the victor’s crown which the Lord Jesus will give His
faithful under-shepherds will never wither or fade. What form this
reward will take, is not stated.
(Wuest,
K. S. Wuest's Word Studies from the Greek New Testament: Eerdmans
or
Logos)
Thayer writes that this
adjective is...
composed of amaranth a
flower, so called because it never withers or fades, and when plucked
off revives if moistened with water; hence, it is a symbol of
perpetuity and immortality (see Paradise Lost iii., 353ff)
The Columbia Encyclopedia
notes that
The amaranth is from the genus
Amaranthus includes several widely distributed species called
amaranths that are characterized by a lasting red pigment in the stems
and leaves. They have been a poetic symbol of immortality from the
time of ancient Greece. (Columbia
Encyclopedia)
Crown (4735)
(stephanos
from stepho = to encircle,
twine or wreathe) (Click
in depth study of
stephanos)
refers to the crown of victory in the Greek athletic games, to the
runner who crossed the goal first, to the disc thrower with the
longest toss, etc. Stephanos is distinguished from another
Greek word diadema (1238)
which refers to a kingly crown.
In the
first NT use Matthew says that
after weaving a
crown
(stephanos) of
thorns,
they put it on His head, and a reed in His right hand; and they
kneeled down before Him and mocked Him, saying, "Hail, King of the
Jews! (Mt 27:29)
Earlier Paul had used the verb form (stephanoo) reminding
Timothy that
if anyone competes as an athlete,
he does not receive
the
victor's
crown
unless he competes according to the rules. (NIV,
2Ti 2:5 -
notes)
The
stephanos was the only prize ancient Olympic athletes received and
thus it was cherished as a great treasure. How much more should we as
believers "run with endurance the race that is set before"
(Hebrews 12:1-note)
us, knowing that the Olympic athletes "do it to receive a perishable
wreath (stephanos) but we an imperishable." (1Cor 9:25)
According to Barclay stephanos had many associations in the
ancient world including as already mentioned
(a) the victor's crown
in the games. Smyrna had annual games which were famous all over Asia.
As in the Olympic Games, the reward of the victorious athlete was the
laurel crown. The Christian can win the crown of victory in the
contest of life.
(b)
When a man had faithfully performed the work of a magistrate,
at the end of his term of office he was granted a crown. He who
throughout life faithfully serves Christ and his fellow-men will
receive his crown.
(c)
The heathen world was in the habit
of wearing crowns, chaplets of flowers, at banquets. At the end of the
day, if the Christian is loyal, he will have the joy of sitting as a
guest at the banquet of God.
(d) The heathen
worshippers were in the habit of wearing crowns when they approached
the temples of their gods. At the end of the day, if he has been
faithful, the Christian will have the joy of entering into the nearer
presence of God.
(e)
Some scholars have seen in this
crown a reference to the halo or the nimbus which is round the head of
divine beings in pictures. If that is so, it means that the Christian,
if he is faithful, will be crowned with the life which belongs to God
himself.
