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Ephesians 2:19 So
then
you are
no
longer
strangers
and
aliens,
but you are
fellow
citizens
with the
saints,
and are of
God's
household,
(NASB:
Lockman) |
|
Greek:
ara
oun
ouketi
este
xenoi
kai
paroikoi,
alla
este
sumpolitai
ton
hagion
kai
oikeioi
tou
theou
Amplified:
Therefore you are no longer outsiders (exiles, migrants, and aliens,
excluded from the rights of citizens), but you now share citizenship
with the saints (God’s own people, consecrated and set apart for
Himself); and you belong to God’s [own] household.
(Amplified
Bible - Lockman)
NLT: So now you Gentiles are no longer
strangers and foreigners. You are citizens along with all of God's
holy people. You are members of God's family. (NLT
- Tyndale House)
Phillips: So you are no longer outsiders or aliens, but
fellow-citizens with every other Christian - you belong now to the
household of God. (Phillips:
Touchstone)
Wuest: Now then, no longer are you aliens and foreign
sojourners, but you are fellow citizens of the saints and householders
of God, (Erdmans)
Young's Literal: Then, therefore, ye are no more
strangers and foreigners, but fellow-citizens of the saints, and of
the household of God |
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SO THEN YOU ARE NO LONGER
STRANGERS AND ALIENS: ara oun ouketi este (2PPAI) xenoi kai paroikoi:
Dear believing
Gentile, who was once so far off from God and without hope, take a moment to read this verse and make a simple list of the
overwhelming new privileges that are now yours by virtue of Christ's
work on the Cross and your eternal position in Christ! Then perhaps you
might fall to your knees and offer a "sacrifice of praise" to God, that
is, the fruit of your lips that give thanks to His name for so great a
salvation.
So (686)
and then (oun) are
terms of conclusion.
In light of all this, because all hostility and enmity (between
believing Jew and Gentile and between them both and God) are eradicated.
Having explained how they got from far to near, Paul sums this section
up in the last four verses reminding the Gentiles of what they were and
now what they have.
Paul now sums up
the Gentile's new position in Christ with metaphors - the a "country" (kingdom of God), a house,
a household or a family (family of God) and a holy temple
where God Himself tabernacles or dwells. "Foundation" and "corner stone"
are also vivid metaphors in this section.
No longer (3765)
(ouketi from ouk = not -- signifies absolute negation +
eti = yet, still) is a negative adverb of time indicating a complete
and permanent change.
Strangers
(3581)
(xenos source of English words like "xenophobia" = fear of
strangers) describes one who is not a member of a state or city, is
used here in a general sense of foreign to a thing, having no share in
it. They are without full rights and privileges of citizenship.
As Johnson
puts it...
They have come from strangers to
fellow citizens. In other words, they have the civil franchise in the
Kingdom of God. They have come from being foreigners, they have come to
be members of the household. They have the domestic franchise. No more
strangers and sojourners but fellow citizens with the saints, and of the
household of God.... In Romans 11 (see notes
Romans 11:17ff)
that the Apostle gives the parable of the olive tree, in which he
describes the olive tree as the Abrahamic promises, essentially, he
describes the cutting off of the natural branches (the children of
Israel, the Nation Israel), the grafting in of the unnatural branches
into the olive tree – contrary to nature, he says. And he says that when
they are grafted in, these Gentiles, they are partakers of the root and
fatness of the olive tree, so that they are grafted in among those
Jewish believers and partake of the Abrahamic promises. That’s so plain,
that it’s amazing to me that some believe that the church does not
inherit Abrahamic promises. Well, the church does inherit Abrahamic
promises. The Apostle puts it as plainly as it possibly can be put. They
do inherit those promises, as Gentiles. That’s what he means here when
he says “now therefore, you are no longer strangers and sojourners but
fellow citizens with the saints and of the household of God.” (pdf)
In the
present context xenos speaks of that which is of a different
quality or nature than something else, thus, a stranger to it. Sinners
are strangers to the kingdom of God, having a totally-depraved nature
that makes them different, and different in a hostile sense. Gentiles
who were once spiritually "homeless" and "country-less", without any share in or access to
the Messianic promises in the Covenants, now are in Christ.
Barnes
writes that...
Strangers, and such as proposed to
reside for a short time in Athens, were permitted to reside in the city,
and to pursue their business undisturbed, but they could perform no
public duty; they had no voice in the public deliberations, and they had
no part in the management of the state. They could only look on as
spectators, without mingling in the scenes of state, or interfering in
any way in the affairs of the government. They were bound humbly to
submit to all the enactments of the citizens, and observe all the laws
and usages of the republic. It was not even allowed them to transact any
business in their own name, but they were bound to choose from among the
citizens one to whose care they committed themselves as a patron, and
whose duty it was to guard them against all injustice and wrong.
Potter's Gr. Ant. 1, 55. Proselytes, who united themselves to the Jews,
were also called, in the Jewish writings, strangers. All foreigners were
regarded as "strangers," and Jews only were supposed to have near access
to God. But now, says the apostle, this distinction is taken away, and
the believing heathen, as well as the Jew, has the right of citizenship
in the New Jerusalem, and one, as well as another, is a member of the
family of God. (Albert Barnes. Barnes NT Commentary)
Aliens (2941)
(paroikos from para = beside + oikeo = to make
one's home) means literally to have a home near. Paroikos
speaks of one who has a home alongside of someone else or who is living
alongside. It is used here of one who comes from another country or city
and settles in another, but does not rank as a citizen. It describes
sojourners dwelling nearby, but not in the family of God. This is no
longer their state.
The paroikos was
"a licensed sojourner in a town whose protection and status were secured
by the payment of a small tax" (MM, p. 496; cf. TDNT, 5:583). He had no
intrinsic rights, however. Such had been the position of the Gentiles in
relation to the kingdom of God before the coming of Christ.
Never again will
the Gentile believers be aliens, dogs, uncircumcision, outsiders and
with no spiritual disadvantages compared to Jewish believers. All now
meet at the same place - the foot of the almighty Cross of Christ - the
place where grace now flows freely and bountifully to all who believe!
BUT YOU ARE
FELLOW CITIZENS WITH THE SAINTS:
alla este (2PPAI) sumpolitai ton hagion: (Eph
3:6;
Galatians 3:26-28;
4:26-31;
Philippians 3:20;
Hebrews 12:22-24;
Revelation 21:12-26)
Fellow citizens
(4847)
(sumpolites from sún = together with + polítes = a
citizen from polis = city) describes Gentile Christians. A polites was an
inhabitant of a city, who had the right of citizenship and could act as
a freeman (now think of this secular definition in terms of the
spiritual context Paul intends!)
Gentiles have been
supernaturally granted "naturalization" as citizens in the Kingdom of
Heaven! Does you life and lifestyle reflect your true eternal
citizenship in heaven or are you living like you belong to this present
evil age which is opposed to the true and living God? (read James 4:4)
Paul
explains that now as believers...
our citizenship (politeuma
derived from polites = citizen) is
in heaven, from which also we eagerly wait (wait in great anticipation
but with patience, awaiting expectantly for some future event) for a Savior, the Lord Jesus
Christ who will transform (outward change of one's external form
or appearance) the body of our humble state into
conformity (denotes inward, not merely superficial conformity) with the body of His glory, by the exertion of the power that
He has even to subject all things to Himself. (See notes
Philippians 3:20;
3:21)
(Comment: This figure
would have been particularly appreciated by the Philippians who were
colonists living away from Rome, though citizens of Rome. Similarly,
Christians live away from the place of their citizenship, heaven.)
Saints
(40)
(hagios) means set apart ones.
Hagios is now their
position in Christ. They are set apart from the secular and profane and
dedicated to the worship and service of God.
AND ARE OF GOD'S HOUSEHOLD: kai
oikeioi tou theou: (Eph
3:15;
Matthew 10:25;
Galatians 6:10;
1 John 3:1)
Household (3609)
(oikeios from oíkos = a house or household) means of the
household or belonging to a certain household. When used of persons it
means "of one's family," thus strictly of kinsmen. It refers to all
members regardless of social or personal position. Here the term is used
of one belonging to the Church which is the household of God and speaks
of the fellowship enjoyed by God’s family. It is a picture of one
who has been adopted into His family (His "household").
Blaikie
writes that God's household refers to...
A nearer relation to God and a higher
privilege is denoted here. You are not guests or occasional visitors,
but permanent dwellers in the house and members of the family. Compare
the Queen of Sheba’s words to Solomon (1 Kings 10:8 "How
blessed are your men, how blessed are these your servants who stand
before you continually and hear your wisdom."). (The Pulpit
Commentary: Ephesians)
MacArthur
draws a practical conclusion...
If believers have no distinctions
before God, they should have no distinctions among themselves. We are
fellow citizens and fellow family members, equal in every spiritual way
before God. If God accepts each one of us, how can we not accept each
other?
(MacArthur,
J: Ephesians. Chicago: Moody Press)
Wayne Barber writes that ...
The word household can be
translated family. Isn’t that wonderful? Think of our country and
how the family system and structure has been totally ripped apart. A
person grows up with step-parents or whatever else. Usually the people
who are most effected are the children. They desperately need to hear
that somebody loves them. God is screaming at them through the
Scriptures and saying,
I love you. I love you. I love you. I
want you to be a part of My family.
As a matter of fact, He not only
births us into the family, as we know from John, but He also
adopts us into His family. Both give us a picture of what He has
done for us. By adoption He made us secure. Roman law says that if you
adopted someone, you could never disown them. If you are worried about
your eternal security, folks, you have been birthed into the family. You
are eternally secure in the Lord Jesus Christ. We are a part of His
family. Now, as citizens we have new responsibilities. As
family members, we have a brand new relationship. Wherever you go,
you find brothers and sisters in Christ. The third metaphor he uses here
is that we are stones in His Temple. Now he doesn’t use the word
"stones," we borrowed that from Simon Peter in his first epistle (see
notes on "living stones"
1 Peter 2:5).
He implies stones, because you don’t have a Temple without stones. He
says we are in the Temple of God; we are the Holy Temple of God in which
He dwells on this earth.
That is where we stopped last time, looking at this Holy Temple that we
are becoming, that God is making us. The foundation to this Temple in
verse 20 is the doctrine given to us by the apostles and prophets. Of
course, 1Cor 3:11 says that Jesus is the foundation. When he
names the apostles and prophets as the foundation, certainly he is
pointing to their doctrine (Ed note: Their writings that compose the
NT). They laid the foundation of the Lord Jesus Christ. We have it in
written form today as the New Testament. He said in verse 20,
having been built upon the foundation
of the apostles and prophets.
Then we saw the cornerstone,
which is Jesus. In their culture, the cornerstone was more important
than the foundation. Now that is interesting. In our culture, it is a
little bit different. We don’t always have a cornerstone in every
building. In their culture, the cornerstone moves it up a notch,
pointing to how important Jesus Christ is to all that is going on in our
life. The whole structure rests upon the cornerstone, the whole
structure depends upon the cornerstone. He is our cornerstone. We would
not even be in the building if it weren’t for Him. He was the first
stone that was laid, and everything that happens depends upon Him. Now
that is the key. (Ephesians 2:19-22 We Are the Temple of God
- 1)
><> ><> ><>
Our Daily Bread
- Part Of The Family...
Every few years my family holds a
reunion at a park near Lake Michigan. We don't see one another very
often, so we're always amazed at how much the grandchildren have grown
or how much the children look like their parents. I look forward to the
picnic because I'm reminded that I'm part of a family.
Everyone who has trusted Jesus Christ as Savior belongs to God's family.
The apostle Paul said that we are all "members of the household of God"
(Eph. 2:19). We are part of a family that is made up of all believers in
Christ.
Members of a loving family should be honest about their concerns for one
another. They can ask about how specific problems or struggles are being
handled, and they can confront difficult issues.
As believers in Christ, we are to be concerned about other members in
the family of God. Sometimes the path to spiritual growth can get pretty
rough. So we need to encourage fellow Christians to turn from their sin
and live for the Lord. The purpose is always to produce a harmonious
family of believers who are doing the work of God and building one
another up. (Our
Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by
permission. All rights reserved)
What a privilege to be a part of the family of God! --D C Egner
We show our love for God when we love
His family.
><> ><> ><>
In Morning and
Evening Spurgeon writes...
Fellow citizens with the saints.” —
Ephesians 2:19 What is meant by our being citizens in heaven? It means
that we are under heaven’s government. Christ the king of heaven reigns
in our hearts; our daily prayer is, “Thy will be done on earth as it is
in heaven.” The proclamations issued from the throne of glory are freely
received by us: the decrees of the Great King we cheerfully obey. Then
as citizens of the New Jerusalem, we share heaven’s honours. The glory
which belongs to beatified saints belongs to us, for we are already sons
of God, already princes of the blood imperial; already we wear the
spotless robe of Jesus’ righteousness; already we have angels for our
servitors, saints for our companions, Christ for our Brother, God for
our Father, and a crown of immortality for our reward. We share the
honours of citizenship, for we have come to the general assembly and
Church of the first-born whose names are written in heaven. As citizens,
we have common rights to all the property of heaven. Ours are its gates
of pearl and walls of chrysolite; ours the azure light of the city that
needs no candle nor light of the sun; ours the river of the water of
life, and the twelve manner of fruits which grow on the trees planted on
the banks thereof; there is nought in heaven that belongeth not to us.
“Things present, or things to come,” all are ours. Also as citizens of
heaven we enjoy its delights. Do they there rejoice over sinners that
repent—prodigals that have returned? So do we. Do they chant the glories
of triumphant grace? We do the same. Do they cast their crowns at Jesus’
feet? Such honours as we have we cast there too. Are they charmed with
his smile? It is not less sweet to us who dwell below. Do they look
forward, waiting for his second advent? We also look and long for his
appearing. If, then, we are thus citizens of heaven, let our walk and
actions be consistent with our high dignity.
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Ephesians 2:20 having
been built
on the
foundation
of the
apostles
and
prophets,
Christ
Jesus
Himself
being
the
corner
stone, (NASB:
Lockman) |
|
Greek:
epoikodomethentes
epi
to
themelio
ton
apostolon
kai
propheton,
ontos
akrogoniaiou
autou
Christou
Iesou,
Amplified:
You are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets with
Christ Jesus Himself the chief Cornerstone.
(Amplified
Bible - Lockman)
NLT: We are his house, built on the foundation of the
apostles and the prophets. And the cornerstone is Christ Jesus
himself. (NLT
- Tyndale House)
Phillips: Firmly beneath you in the foundation, God's
messengers and prophets, the actual foundation-stone being Jesus
Christ himself. (Phillips:
Touchstone)
Wuest: having been built up upon the foundation of the apostles
and prophets, there being a chief cornerstone, Jesus Christ himself, (Erdmans)
Young's Literal: b |
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HAVING BEEN BUILT ON THE
FOUNDATION OF THE APOSTLES AND PROPHETS: epoikodomethentes (AAPMPN) epi
to themelio ton apostolon kai propheton: (4:12;
1 Peter 2:4,5)
(4:11-13;
Isaiah 28:16;
Matthew 16:18;
1 Corinthians 3:9-11;
12:28;
Galatians 2:9;
Revelation 21:14)
Built (2026)
(epoikodomeo from epí = upon + oikodoméo = build)
means to build upon or erect a superstructure. Paul changes the metaphor
from a household (or family) to a spiritual temple as he explains the
unifying character of the church.
The
aorist tense
speaks of a past
completed action. However note in the next two verses "being fitted
together" (see note
Ephesians 2:21)
and "being built together" (see note
Ephesians 2:22)
are both in the
present tense
indicating that
although the foundation has been laid securely and irrevocably, God is
still in the process of fitting and building believers into His holy
Temple, His dwelling place. The
passive voice
indicates that God's Spirit is the One Who is active, His power being
the force that enables the building of the household.
There is a famous
story from Sparta. A Spartan king boasted to a visiting monarch about
the walls of Sparta. The visiting monarch looked around and could see no
walls. He said to the Spartan king, "Where are these walls about which
you boast so much?" His host pointed at his bodyguard of magnificent
troops. "These," he said, "are the walls of Sparta, every man a brick."
The point is clear. So long as a brick lies by itself it is useless; it
becomes of use only when it is incorporated into a building. So it is
with the individual Christian. To realize his destiny he must not remain
alone, but must be built into the fabric of the Church.
Foundation
(2310)
(themelios from théma = that which is laid down in turn
from títhemi = to place) means something put down, that on which
a structure is built or a stone used in the construction of a
foundation.
In First
Corinthians Paul explained that...
According to the grace of God which
was given to me, as a wise master builder I laid a foundation,
and another is building upon it. But let each man be careful how he
builds upon it for no man can lay a foundation other
than the one which is laid, which is Jesus Christ. (1Cor 3:10-11)
The foundation
of the apostles and prophets - describes those of the NT era, first
century AD. He does not mean the OT prophets for they knew nothing of
the NT Church, the building that Paul is describing in this passage.
Note carefully that although apostles and prophets are "foundational",
they are not the ultimate foundation, which is Christ Himself.
John MacArthur
explains foundation of the apostles and prophets writing that...
Because the Greek genitive case
appears to be used in the subjective sense, signifying the originating
agency, the meaning is not that the apostles and prophets were
themselves the foundation—though in a certain sense they were—but that
they laid the foundation. Paul spoke of himself as “a wise master
builder” who “laid a foundation” and went on to say, “For no man can
lay a foundation other than the one which is laid, which is Jesus
Christ” (1 Cor. 3:10-11; cf. notes Romans
15:20).
(MacArthur,
J: Ephesians. Chicago: Moody Press)
Apostles
(652)
(apostolos
from apo = from +
stello = send forth)
means one sent forth from by another, often with a special commission to
represent another and to accomplish his work. It can be a delegate,
commissioner, ambassador sent out on a mission or orders or commission
and with the authority of the one who sent him.
Apostolos referred to someone who was officially commissioned to a
position or task, such as an envoy. Cargo ships were sometimes called
apostolic, because they were dispatched with a specific shipment for
a specific destination. In secular Greek apostolos was used of an
admiral of a fleet sent out by the king on special assignment.
In the
ancient world a apostle was the personal representatives of the
king, functioning as an ambassador with the king’s authority and
provided with credentials to prove he was the king's envoy.
Prophets
(4396)
(prophetes from pró =
before or forth + phemí = tell) refers in the present context to
those who speak under divine influence and inspiration foretelling
future events or exhorting, reproving, and admonishing individuals or
nations as the ambassador of God and the interpreter of His will to men.
The prophets speak not their own thought but what they received
from God, retaining, however, their own consciousness and
self–possession (cf notes
2 Peter 1:21)
Paul helps us understand that he is
not referring to Old Testament prophets explaining in Ephesians 4
that Christ...
gave some as apostles,
and some as prophets, and some as evangelists, and some as
pastors and teachers, for the equipping of the saints for the work of
service, to the building
up of the body of Christ (See notes
Ephesians 4:11;
4:12)
Vincent has a note on NT
prophets writing that this refers not so much to the...
foretelling of the future. Quite
probably very little of this element is contemplated; but utterance
under immediate divine inspiration: delivering inspired exhortations,
instructions, or warnings.
CHRIST JESUS HIMSELF BEING THE
CORNER STONE: ontos (PAPMSG) akrogoniaiou autou Christou Iesou: (Psalms
118:22;
Isaiah 28:16;
Matthew 21:42;
Mark 12:10,11;
Luke 20:17,18;
Acts 4:11,12;
1 Peter 2:7,8)
Christ Jesus
Himself being the Corner
Stone a
metaphor
which Paul states
clearly symbolizes Christ.
This picture of Christ as a Stone or Rock
is intimately woven by the Spirit throughout both the Old and New
Testaments and makes for a fascinating and encouraging study
Suggestion:
This study would make an edifying series in a Sunday School class and
would be very enlightening to those who are not that familiar with the
Old Testament. Remember to carefully
observe
the
context
to arrive at the most accurate
interpretation,
interrogating each each "base" verse with questions such as... When
does this take place? Where does this take place? What
are the circumstances surrounding the use of this
metaphor?
Who are the "cast of characters"? Who used the name Rock?
What attributes do you discover about the Rock or Stone? How should we
apply this truth to our life today
-- not Can we? - it is God's Word of Truth and it is
ALWAYS
applicable
to our life. The more relevant
question is "Will we allow the
Spirit to speak the Word of Truth to our innermost being and respond
with unhesitating obedience"?)...here
are the Scriptures...
Genesis 49:24 > Exodus 17:6 > Exodus
33:21 > Numbers 20:11 > Deut 32:4 > 2Samuel 23:3 > Psalm 18:2 > Psalm
18:31 > Psalm 18:46 > Psalm 19:14 > Psalm 27:5 > Psalm 28:1 > Psalm
31:2-3 > Psalm 40:2 > Psalm 42:9 > Psalm 61:2 >Psalm >Psalm
62:2 >Psalm 62:6-7 >Psalm 71:3 >Psalm 78:16 > Psalm 78:20 >
Psalm 78:35 > Psalm 81:16 > Psalm 89:26 > Psalm 92:15 > Psalm 94:22
>Psalm 95:1 >Psalm 105:41 >Psalm 114:8 >Psalm 118:22 >Psalm 144:1
>Isaiah 8:14 > Isaiah 17:10 > Isaiah 26:4 >Isaiah 28:16 >Isaiah
30:29 >Isaiah 32:2 >Isaiah 33:16 >Isaiah 44:8 >Isaiah 48:21 >Isaiah 51:1
> Da 2:34 > Da 2:35, 44-46 > Hab 1:12 > Zech 4:7 > Mt 7:24,25> Mt 16:18
>Mt 21:42 >Mk 12:10 >Luke 20:17 > Acts 4:11 >Ro 9:32-33 > Acts 4:11
>1Cor 1:23>1Cor 10:4 >Ephesians 2:20 >1Pe 2:4-8 (Suggestion:
Download InstaVerse
which makes this study a breeze
- see description
below)
(Which book of the Bible has the most allusions to Rock? Why might that
be the case?)
Being (1510)
(eimi) means being or existence.
Corner stone
(204)
(akrogoniaios from ákron = extreme + gonía =
corner) refers to the stone that supports the main weight of a structure
and figuratively is Christ Who unites Jews and Gentiles into one body
and Who sustains whole structure of the church.
The corner stone
of a building had to be strong enough to support what was built on it,
and it had to be precisely laid, because every other part of the
structure was oriented to it. The cornerstone thus functioned as the
supporting stone, the stone that oriented all other stone, and the stone
that unified of the entire building. Jesus Christ perfectly fulfills
each of these roles in God’s building, the new man, the body of Christ,
the Church.
Expositor's
Bible Commentary adds that...
The word akrogoniaios
("cornerstone") literally means "at the tip of the angle." It refers to
the capstone or binding stone that holds the whole structure together
(TDNT, 1:792). It covered a right angle joining two walls, as Sir Henry
Layard found, for example, when excavating Nineveh. Often the royal name
was inscribed on it. In the East it was considered to be even more
important than the foundation. (Gaebelein,
F, Editor: Expositor's Bible Commentary 6-Volume New Testament.
Zondervan Publishing)
Blaikie has
this note on the corner stone writing that...
the stone which, being placed in the
corner, determined the lines of the whole building. The idea of
foundation is that of support; the idea of the chief corner-stone is
that of regulation, pattern-hood, producing assimilation. Jesus is not
only the Origin, Foundation, Support of the Church, but he gives it its
shape and form, he determines the place and the office of each stone, he
gives life and character to each member. (The Pulpit Commentary:
Ephesians)
Barnes has
the following note on cornerstone writing that...
The corner-stone is the most
important in the building. (1.) Because the edifice rests mainly
on the corner-stones. If they are small, and unstable, and settle down,
the whole building is insecure; and hence care is taken to place a large
stone firmly at each corner of an edifice. (2.) Because it
occupies a conspicuous and honourable place. If documents or valuable
articles are deposited at the foundation of a building it is within the
corner-stone. The Lord Jesus is called the "corner-stone," because the
whole edifice rests on him, or he occupies a place relatively as
important as the corner-stone of an edifice. Were it not for him the
edifice could not be sustained for a moment. Neither prophets nor
apostles alone could sustain it. See [1Co 3:11]. (Albert Barnes. Barnes
NT Commentary)
Christ Jesus, the
Messiah, is the Corner Stone about which the Old Testament
repeatedly prophesied...
Psalms
118:22
The stone which the builders rejected
Has become the chief corner stone. (Comment: The question is
whether the cornerstone of Scripture is a foundation stone or a stone
which crowns the building. Isaiah 28:16 seems to refer to the former and
Ps 118:22 [rosh pinnah - rosh means head, top, uppermost height of an
object] to the latter. It is somewhat ironic that verses from Psalm 118
were sung by the Jewish multitude as Jesus entered Jerusalem on a donkey
on "Psalm Sunday", see Mt 21:9! This psalm clearly predicts the "Jewish
builders" rejection of their "Stone", the Messiah, this rejection
culminating in their cries "Crucify Him! Crucify Him!" Luke 23:21)
Isaiah 8:13 "It is the LORD of
hosts Whom you should regard as holy. And He shall be your fear, and He
shall be your dread. 14 "Then He shall become a sanctuary; But to
both the houses of Israel, a stone to strike and a rock to
stumble over (Paul wrote "we preach Christ crucified, to Jews a
stumbling block [skandalon
- see note] " 1Cor 1:23), and a snare and a
trap for the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
Isaiah 28:16
Therefore thus says the Lord GOD, "Behold, I am laying in Zion a
stone, a tested stone, A costly cornerstone (pinnah)
for the foundation, firmly placed. He who believes (aman - basic
root idea is firmness or certainty. Faith is not a blind leap into the
dark but a confident commitment to the One about Whom abundant evidence
bears ample testimony of His eternal, immutable trustworthiness) in it
will not be disturbed (agitated,
LXX
= kataischuno = caused to be much ashamed, disgraced, dishonored, also
conveys the sense of disappointed).
Jesus after
telling the Jewish chief priests and elders of the Jewish people the
parable of the Vineyard, then quoted from Psalm 118:22-23 explaining
that the
Stone rejected by the Jewish builders was chosen of God as the Head of
the corner. Matthew records our Lord's words...
Jesus said to them, "Did you never
read in the Scriptures, 'THE STONE WHICH THE BUILDERS REJECTED
(speaks of His rejection by the Jews and His crucifixion fulfilling the
OT prophecy), THIS
BECAME THE CHIEF CORNER stone (anticipates His resurrection and
exaltation); THIS CAME ABOUT FROM THE LORD, AND IT IS
MARVELOUS IN OUR EYES'? (Matthew 21:42
quoting Psalm 118:22-23) (Comment: In the context of
the preceding parable Jesus' quotation might seem irrelevant at first
glance. However if one remembers that it is taken from a Messianic
psalm, it becomes clear that Jesus cited it to suggest to the Jewish
chief priests and elders that the Son who was killed and thrown out of
the vineyard was also “the chief cornerstone” in God’s redemptive plan!
It is also interesting to ponder that although in modern parlance the
CORNERSTONE is placed at the foundation of a building, in ancient Israel
the CAPSTONE was placed at the very top - a true ''HEAD'' STONE. Jesus
is the STONE that serves as both the alignment and the completion of our
lives, the Author and Perfecter, the Beginning and the End, the Alpha
and the Omega!)
Paul in
explaining God's sovereign plan for salvation of the Gentiles quotes in
part from Isaiah 8:13-14 and Isaiah 28:16 writing...
What shall we say then? That
Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, attained righteousness, even
the righteousness which is by faith; 31 but Israel, pursuing a law of
righteousness, did not arrive at that law. 32 Why? Because they did not
pursue it by faith, but as though it were by works. They stumbled over
the stumbling stone, 33 just as it is written, "BEHOLD, I LAY IN ZION A
STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE, AND HE WHO BELIEVES IN HIM
WILL NOT BE DISAPPOINTED." (See notes
Romans 9:30;
9:31;
9:32;
9:33) (Comment: Israel's rejection of their
Messiah resulted in God setting Israel aside for a time and turning to
the Gentiles.)
Peter filled with
(controlled by) the Holy Spirit when asked by the Jewish priests, rulers
and elders by what power or in what name was he preaching unabashedly,
boldly declared...
"He (Christ the Messiah) is the
STONE WHICH WAS REJECTED by you (the Jewish priests and leader), THE
BUILDERS, but WHICH BECAME THE VERY CORNER stone. And
there is salvation in no one else (absolute negation); for there is no
other Name under heaven that has been given among men, by which we must
be saved." (Acts 4:11,12)
Peter
reiterated this important truth about Christ Jesus the Corner Stone
in his first epistle explaining to his readers...
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