CONSIDER JESUS OUR GREAT HIGH PRIEST
Click chart to enlarge
Charts from Jensen's Survey of the NT - used by permission
Another Chart Right Side of Page - Hebrews - Charles Swindoll
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The Epistle |
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| INSTRUCTION Hebrews 1-10:18 |
EXHORTATION Hebrews 10:19-13 |
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| Superior Person of Christ Hebrews 1:1-4:13 |
Superior Priest in Christ Hebrews 4:14-10:18 |
Superior Life In Christ Hebrews 10:19-13 |
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| BETTER THAN PERSON Hebrews 1:1-4:13 |
BETTER PRIESTHOOD Heb 4:14-7:28 |
BETTER COVENANT Heb 8:1-13 |
BETTER SACRIFICE Heb 9:1-10:18 |
BETTER LIFE |
| MAJESTY OF CHRIST |
MINISTRY OF CHRIST |
MINISTERS FOR CHRIST |
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DOCTRINE |
DUTY |
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DATE WRITTEN: |
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Explanation - The following list includes not only commentaries but other Christian works by well known evangelical writers. Most of the resources below are newer works (written after 1970) which previously were available only for purchase in book form or in a Bible computer program. The resources are made freely available by archive.org but have several caveats - (1) they do not allow copy and paste, (2) they can only be checked out for one hour (but can be checked out immediately when your hour expires giving you time to read or take notes on a lengthy section) and (3) they require creating an account which allows you to check out the books free of charge. To set up an account click archive.org and then click the picture of the person in right upper corner and enter email and a password. That's all you have to do. Then you can read these more modern resources free of charge! I have read or used many of these resources but not all of them so ultimately you will need to be a Berean (Acts 17:11+) as you use them. I have also selected works that are conservative and Biblically sound. If you find one that you think does not meet those criteria please send an email at https://www.preceptaustin.org/
COMMENTARIES
ON HEBREWS
Be confident (Hebrews) by Wiersbe, Warren
Cyril Barber - A challenging and insightful book that should be used extensively by adult Bible study groups. Recommended.
The Bible Exposition Commentary - Ephesians through Revelation - Warren Wiersbe
Rosscup - One of America’s most appreciated staunchly evangelical Bible conference teachers gives diligent, refreshing expositions. These are all of his 23 separate, earlier books in the “Be” series on the New Testament. He strikes a particular appeal with lay people as he crystallizes sections, deals with some of the verses, handles certain problems and backgrounds and applies principles. He is premillennial.
Wiersbe's Expository Outlines on the New Testament by Wiersbe, Warren W
Cyril Barber - This is a book of exceptional merit. Pastors, missionaries, and Christian workers will profit from its use. Wiersbe introduces each book of the NT, provides an outline, and then furnishes his readers with a chapter-by-chapter discussion of the contents. The homiletic style is a “plus.” Recommended.
With the Word - Devotional Commentary - Warren Wiersbe - 428 ratings - Chapter by chapter. Helpful insights.
The Preacher's outline & sermon Bible : New Testament, King James Version 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude, Revelation.
Exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews by Kistemaker, Simon J., 1930- author
James Rosscup - The author has been going on with commentaries in the series William Hendriksen began. He writes from an evangelical, reformed perspective, providing diligently studied comments competent in aspects of the Greek, giving views and reasons, writing clearly, explaining most matters well.
Exploring Hebrews by Phillips, John, 1927-
Cyril Barber - A clear exposition of the theme of this epistle. First published in 1977. Recommended.
The Epistle to the Hebrews : a commentary by Kent, Homer Austin
James Rosscup - A helpful evangelical commentary especially from the standpoint of clarity on the Greek where this is crucial to the interpretation, without being technical. It is also often helpful in discussing different main views and their support on problem passages (6:4–6, those who fall away; chapter 8, the new covenant, etc.). Dr. Kent served as Dean of the Seminary and also Professor of New Testament and Greek at Grace Theological Seminary.
The message of Hebrews : Christ above all by Brown, Raymond, 1928
Cyril Barber - Treats this epistle as a letter of encouragement to those enduring persecution, and turns the eyes of its readers from their problems to the One who fulfills all that the law and the prophets predicted.
James Rosscup - A principal of Spurgeon’s College, London (not the Catholic R. E. Brown who wrote on the Gospel of John) did this in the refreshing Bible Speaks Today series, drawing on such greats as Bruce, Hughes and Westcott but keeping the exposition very readable and practical. Possibly Apollos wrote Hebrews in the early eighties. “Rest” in chapter 4 is a future reality on which we need to concentrate, yet is not attained by works but is God’s gift (p. 90). Hebrews 6:4–6 and 10:26–31 are taken to refer to those who once had outward signs of being Christians but never were “genuinely born again by God’s Spirit” (114). The penitent offender and weak backslider are not in view (cf. 189), yet Brown speaks confusingly of the ones described as if once they really trusted in Christ. This is a stimulating, inviting exposition for laymen or Christian workers who want a book competent but easy to read.
The Epistle to the Hebrews; from ritual to reality by MacDonald, William (1971) 264 pages.
James Rosscup - A conservative exposition by a recent president of Emmaus Bible School (Plymouth Brethren). MacDonald gives fine-point outlines and explains verse by verse, understanding that the epistle is aimed at true Christians and professing Christians mingled among them. Hebrews 6:4–6 refers to professors who had not really been born again. Comments are brief.
Hebrews : an introduction and commentary by Guthrie, Donald, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries.
Cyril Barber - Replaces Hewitt's earlier contribution to the series (see below). Believes the recipients were Jews in danger of apostasizing back into Judaism. This is a good treatment but too general when dealing with the problem portions of this letter.
James Rosscup - This volume replaces Hewitt’s in the series to meet new needs. Though vague, Guthrie apparently favors a date shortly before or after A. D. 70, leaving authorship open. The “rest” in chapter 4 is both present after conversion and future. The discussions of 6:4–6 and 10:26–31 do not appear to arrive at an unequivocal explanation of whether the really saved can actually lose salvation. A clearer taking of some stand would help. However, on many verses Guthrie is clear enough, though this is a concise commentary. I would not rate it near the top but about in the middle.
Hebrews by George H. Guthrie (NIV Application Commentary) Zondervan, 1998.
James Rosscup - One finds a work sensitively informed in Greek and theology, one that rather often explains matters with perception. Guthrie believes that the genuinely saved will persevere, not fall away. Some vagueness attaches to his effort on what “rest” means as his words go all around it yet fall short of clarifying just what it is as “something” and “the whole soteriological process” and “the process of entry into God’s presence” (152), whatever that means. Frequent illustrations and application material are a big concern, for example on drawing near to God (4:14–16). The work offers fairly good light on main pertinent issues, usually, and gives remarks to stimulate vital practical living.
The Epistle to the Hebrews : an introduction and commentary by Hewitt, Thomas
Hebrews : a call to commitment by Lane, William
Cyril Barber - In clear, nontechnical language, Lane explains that Hebrews is more a sermon than a letter. It also addresses the same concerns that face the church today: the absence of God, the climate of uncertainty and insecurity, the tension between secular conformity and spiritual maturity, the threat of societal perversion, and the pressure of materialism. This is a challenging book, one that Christians will want to study carefully
James Rosscup - Lane, known among other things for his excellent work on Mark (NICNT), has written a fairly good briefer commentary on Hebrews, informed by scholarly awareness of the literature, views and arguments and skill in the Greek text and background. The work uses the NIV and is evangelical.
Word biblical commentary Hebrews 1-8 William Lane
Cyril Barber - An erudite work. The “Introduction” of 120 pages is very full and complete, exploring all aspects of authorship, date, recipients, etc. In his exposition, Lane makes use of a variety of information to enliven his presentation. He places within a pastor’s hands a wealth of usable data. No exegetical stone is left unturned. This is a valuable volume.
James Rosscup - A work that has much to offer in details of the Greek text, exegesis, setting and bibliography. It will help readers be aware of a wealth of scholarly opinion and especially be helpful to teachers, preachers who study deeply, and Bible class leaders who are serious about their preparation. In bibliography it is of a high rating, in commentary not as good as the work by Bruce.
Hebrews Word Biblical Commentary - Hebrews 9-13 by Lane, William L.,
Cyril Barber - Completes Lane’s studies on Hebrews. The bibliographies are massive; the comments on the text are precise and admit no ambiguity; and the overall theme of this letter is painstakingly followed. Here is a work for the scholar and/or pastor who incorporates exegesis in the preparation of his expository messages.
The Epistle to the Hebrews : a commentary on the Greek text New International Greek Testament Commentary by Ellingworth, Paul
Cyril Barber - Provides an excellent treatment of the book’s authorship, date, setting, theology, literary structure, and genre. Discusses the 13 individuals to whom authorship has been attributed. Provides an extensive bibliography. Believes the destination of the letter was Rome. Treats difficult passages fairly, but on occasion bypasses crucial issues (e.g., the identity and significance of Melchizedek) with only passing comment. Abounds in technical data. Ideal for the scholar.
James Rosscup - For scholars and advanced students, he packs much into this 764-pp. work of complex, almost encyclopedic detail verse by verse. Many pastors and students will become frustrated trying to plod through a maze of comments on verses where Ellingworth leaps into laborious detail without giving a prior adequate synthesis to show the overall progression. One must search to locate where he discusses some verses, and can be bogged down by the hodge-podge piling of comments without clarity to orientate things. Even on problems, the author often seems generalized, not coming right to clear grips with meaning in such texts as 6:4–6, and obscures rather than shining light. For the extremely patient, the work often has a mass of discussion from which many benefits can be sifted, and in listing scholars’ sources for studying Hebrews this prolific book rates with Altridge and Lane. It is unfortunate here that so fine a mind has not been too widely user friendly, as works that get more to the point along the way, doing this even with their much detail (Bruce, P. Hughes, etc.).
A handbook on the Letter to the Hebrews by Ellingworth, Paul
The epistle to the Hebrews by Archer, Gleason
James Rosscup - Archer aims to provide a well-organized, “handy guide” (p. 1) as a systematic exposition to help a pastor, Bible teacher or English Bible instructor in a college. Taking the central theme, Christ’s superiority and its implications for victorious living, Archer follows the progression of the developing theme. He gives a 5-pp. outline at the outset, then writes the book in the form of his detailed outline, filling in verse by verse with key word meanings, related Old Testament passages, and brief help on problem passages such as 6:4–6 and 10:26–39 (he holds that those in view are professors though never genuinely saved). This is a very good brief survey compactly arranged.
The Epistle to the Hebrews by Pfeiffer, Charles F
Commentary on the E̲pistle to the Hebrews : the English text with introduction, exposition, and notes by Bruce, F. F.
Cyril Barber - This revised edition of Bruce's widely used work (which has been in continuous use since 1964) helps the reader appreciate the genius of the biblical writer. While not reflecting any radical changes in Bruce's thinking, this new edition does give evidence of a quarter of a century of additional study on the part of the author. It also takes full advantage of the numerous new works on Hebrews that have been published in the intervening period of time.
1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews, James by Morris, Leon,
James Rosscup - A well-organized, lucid survey that gives synopses of sections and usually broad comment but dips into many of the verses for serious explanation, views on problems, and reasons. It is primarily of help to lay persons and pastors needing a concise but competent study. Longer, more detailed works ought to be used with it.
The expositor's Bible commentary : abridged edition
James Rosscup - note these comments apply to the unabridged edition - This is a substantial work (pp. 1–158) by a highly competent and prolific New Testament scholar in the evangelical realm. He is brief, aware of issues and arguments, sums things up well in several cases, and clear. For a shorter commentary this is a worthy effort which will be of service to teachers, preachers, Sunday School teachers and serious lay persons.
Hebrews; a Devotional Commentary by Thomas, W. H. Griffith
James Rosscup - Expositional in nature, this book is often helpful to a degree on the English text. It is devotional in nature.
Hebrews by Hagner, Donald Alfred
James Rosscup - This work was originally in the Good News Commentary (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1983). It is by a professor at Fuller Theological Seminary, evangelical, and fairly helpful at times, but not nearly in the range of Bruce, Ellingworth, Lane, Morris, etc. for explanatory detail.
Experiencing the presence of God : teachings from the book of Hebrews by Tozer, A. W
Types in Hebrews by Anderson, Robert,
Cyril Barber - A rewarding study that evangelical Christians can ill afford to neglect.
The Epistle to the Hebrews by Davidson, A. B.
Cyril Barber - In twenty-one chapters, Bruce treats the theology and theme of this epistle. He interprets it as Christianity's first apologetic. His work is a masterful combination of sound exegesis and helpful exposition. Preachers will find this a most helpful exposition.
The Epistle to the Hebrews; an exposition by Erdman, Charles R.
God's last word to man; studies in Hebrews by Morgan, G. Campbell
James Rosscup - Preached expositions with good practical applications running through Hebrews 11. Some errors can agitate readers, e. g. having Moses’ birth 64 years after Joseph’s death, and the rejection of total depravity (p. 151). However, there is much to edify and to stimulate Christians, even to be suggestive for messages in a great chapter.
Commentary on the epistle to the Hebrews by Delitzsch, Franz
Cyril Barber - An extremely fine exposition that uses Talmudic source material to highlight the meaning of the text. A valuable acquisition.
James Rosscup - Though somewhat technical, this work grapples seriously with the Greek text and stimulates thinking on the problems of the epistle. It is good on the Greek.
The preeminent person of Christ : a study of Hebrews 1-10 by Swindoll, Charles
The practical life of faith : a study of Hebrews 11-13 by Swindoll, Charles
STUDY BIBLES
Note: The first 4 resources have no time restriction and allow copy and paste function:
(1) KJV Bible Commentary - Hindson, Edward E; Kroll, Woodrow Michael. Over 3000 pages of the entire OT/NT. Well done conservative commentary that interprets Scripture from a literal perspective. Pre-millennial. User reviews - it generally gets 4/5 stars from users. - 372 ratings
Very well done conservative commentary that interprets Scripture from a literal perspective user reviews
The King James Version Bible Commentary is a complete verse-by-verse commentary. It is comprehensive in scope, reliable in scholarship, and easy to use. Its authors are leading evangelical theologians who provide practical truths and biblical principles. Any Bible student will gain new insights through this one-volume commentary based on the timeless King James Version of the Bible.
(2) The King James Study Bible Second Edition 2240 pages (2013) (Thomas Nelson) General Editor - Edward Hindson with multiple contributing editors. . 3,194 ratings. Pre-millennial. See introduction on How to Use this Study Bible.
(3) NKJV Study Bible: New King James Version Study Bible (formerly "The Nelson Study Bible - NKJV") by Earl D Radmacher; Ronald Barclay Allen; Wayne H House. 2345 pages. (1997, 2007). Very helpful notes. Conservative. Pre-millennial. 917 ratings
(4) The Wycliffe Bible Commentary - only the New Testament (for OT see below to borrow) - 1126 pages. (1971) Everett F Harrison - Editor of New Testament. Uses the KJV. Strictly speaking not a study Bible, but short notes are similar. KJV text in left column, commentary notes in right column. The comments are generally verse by verse, short, conservative and to the point. Pre-millennial.
The MacArthur Study Bible - John MacArthur. Brief but well done notes for conservative, literal perspective. 1,275 ratings
ESV Study Bible - Excellent resource but not always literal in eschatology and the nation of Israel 6,004 ratings
The David Jeremiah Study Bible - (2013) 2208 pages. 2,272 ratings Logos.com - "Drawing on more than 40 years of study, Dr. David Jeremiah has compiled a legacy resource that will make an eternal impact on generations to come. 8,000 study notes. Hundreds of enriching word studies"50+ Essentials of the Christian Faith" articles."
Believer's Bible Commentary - OT and NT - MacDonald, William (1995) 2480 pages. Conservative. Literal. Often has very insightful comments. John MacArthur, says "Concise yet comprehensive - the most complete single-volume commentary I have seen." Warren Wiersbe adds "For the student who is serious about seeing Christ in the Word."
Rosscup - This work, originally issued in 1983, is conservative and premillennial, written to help teachers, preachers and people in every walk of life with different views, explanation and application. The 2-column format runs verse by verse for the most part, usually in a helpfully knowledgeable manner, and there are several special sections such as “Prayer” in Acts and “Legalism” in Galatians. The premillennial view is evident on Acts 1:6, 3:20, Romans 11:26, Galatians 6:16, Revelation 20, etc.
HCSB Study Bible : Holman Christian Standard Bible - General Editor Jeremy Royal Howard (2010) 2360 pages. Conservative. Good notes. Include Holmans excellent maps. One hour limit
Life Application Study Bible: Old Testament and New Testament: New Living Translation. Has some very helpful notes especially with application of texts. 4,445 ratings One hour limit
The Defender's Study Bible : King James Version by Morris, Henry M. Excellent notes by well known creationist. 45 ratings
Dictionary of Biblical Imagery - free for use online with no restrictions (i.e., you do not need to borrow this book). Editors Leland Ryken, J C Wilhoit, Tremper Longman III - This is a potential treasure chest to aid your preaching and teaching as it analyzes the meaning of a host of Biblical figures of speech. Clue - use the "One-page view" which then allows you to copy and paste text. One downside is there is no index, so you need to search 3291 pages for entries which are alphabetical.
Dictionary of the later New Testament & its developments 71 ratings IVP Series
The third of IVP's critically acclaimed series of dictionaries of the New Testament provides focused study on the often-neglected portions of the New Testament: Acts, Hebrews, the General Epistles, and Revelation. Furthermore, its scope goes beyond the life of the New Testament church to include the work of the apostolic fathers and early Christianity up through the middle of the second century.
Zondervan NIV Study Bible - (2011) 2570 pages - Use this one if available as it has more notes than edition below. One hour limit
The Experiencing God Study Bible: the Bible for knowing and doing the will of God - Blackaby, Henry (1996) 1968 pages - CHECK THIS ONE! Each chapter begins with several questions under the title "PREPARE TO MEET GOD." Then you will interesting symbols before many of the passages. The chapter ends with a "DID YOU NOTICE?" question. This might make a "dry chapter" jump off the page! Read some of the 48 ratings
NLT Study Bible (Illustration Version)
Disciple's Study Bible: New international version 54 ratings Not that helpful for verse by verse study. Focuses on application of Christian doctrines. 10,000 annotations; doctrinal summaries, "Life Helps" section relate doctrine to everyday discipleship.
The Living Insights Study Bible : New International Version - Charles Swindoll. Notes are good but somewhat sparse and not verse by verse.
Ryrie Study Bible Expanded Edition (1994) 2232 pages
The Apologetics Study Bible Understand Why You Believe by Norman Geisler
Evangelical Commentary on the Bible - Judges by Andrew Boling (20 pages); editor Walter Elwell (1989) 1239 pages. User reviews.
NIV Archaeological Study Bible (2005) 2360 pages 950 ratings (See also Archaeology and the Bible - OT and NT)
"Readers who desire a more intimate knowledge of the historical context of the Bible will appreciate the NIV Archaeological Study Bible. Full of informative articles and full-color photographs of places and objects from biblical times, this Bible examines the archaeological record surrounding God’s Word and brings the biblical world to life. Readers’ personal studies will be enriched as they become more informed about the empires, places, and peoples of the ancient world. Features include: • Four-color interior throughout • Bottom-of-page study notes exploring passages that speak on archaeological and cultural facts • Articles (520) covering five main categories: Archaeological Sites, Cultural and Historical Notes, Ancient Peoples and Lands, the Reliability of the Bible, and Ancient Texts and Artifacts • Approximately 500 4-color photographs interspersed throughout • Detailed book introductions that provide basic, at-a-glance information • Detailed charts on pertinent topics • In-text color maps that assist the reader in placing the action "
NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible. Bringing to Life the Ancient World of Scripture Keener, Craig and Walton, John. Editors (2017)
The Holman Illustrated Study Bible 120 ratings Includes the excellent Holman maps but otherwise of little help in serious study.
Halley's Bible Handbook Henry H. Halley - (2000) 2720 pages (much larger than original edition in 1965 and no time limit on use). (Halley's Bible handbook : an abbreviated Bible commentary - one hour limit 1965 872 pages)
Rosscup - A much-used older evangelical handbook bringing together a brief commentary on Bible books, some key archaeological findings, historical background, maps, quotes, etc. It is helpful to a lay Bible teacher, Sunday School leader, or pastor looking for quick, pertinent information on a Bible book. This is the 72nd printing somewhat revised. Halley packed in much information. Unger’s is better overall, but that is not to say that Halley’s will not provide much help on basic information.
The Shaw Pocket Bible Handbook - Editor - Walter Elwell (1984) 408 pages.
"This hardback is small in size but packed full of content: Brief summaries of every book of the bible, cultural, archaeological and historical info, word definitions, pictures, maps and charts." Worth checking!
WORD STUDY
RESOURCES - GREEK
NOTE - All of these resources can be borrowed from archive.org. This list also includes resources to help study the Bible.
See also the list of Word Study Resources
The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New Testament by Zodhiates, Spiros - This is my "go to" resource for Greek word studies. One on the best lexicons for laymen. Highly Recommended for Greek Word Studies to aid your interpretation of a passage.
Analytical Lexicon of the Greek New Testament by Friberg, Timothy. Shorter definitions than Zodhiates but does an excellent job in summarizing the various nuances of a specific Greek word. One of my favorites.
Shorter Lexicon of the Greek New Testament by Gingrich, F. Wilbur. Similar to Friberg but shorter definitions. Gingrich however gives more Scriptures for each nuance, whereas Friberg generally gives only one representative Scripture.
The New Linguistic and Exegetical Key to the Greek New Testament by Rogers, Cleon - This book is a gold mine of little gems on individual Greek words in any NT passage you are studying. If you have time it is always worth checking out! I use it in my Greek word studies all the time.
Word meanings in the New Testament - Matthew-Revelation by Ralph Earle. Strictly speaking this is not a lexicon, but it offers insights on select words in a verse by verse format (but not every verse is included in the analysis). This resource is worth checking if you have time as it can occasionally give some wonderful insights on a specific Greek word.
New Testament Words - William Barclay - 59 ratings very interesting resource - covers about 70 NT Greek words in Barclay's unique style. On page 289 there is a helpful index of English words with the corresponding Greek word, in turn followed by the places Barclay described them in New Testament Words and in his Daily Study Bible series (see list of DSB commentaries here). E.g., take the Greek word for "Covetousness" which is pleonexia and is found in New Testament Words on page 61 and pp 233-235 and is also described in the Daily Study Bible entries for : Mark 7:14-23; Ro 1:28-32; Eph. 4:17-24; Col. 3:5. So you can click the DSB commentary on Mark 7 and scroll down to Mark 7:14 to see Barclay's entry for pleonexia which concludes "Pleonexia ( G4124) is that lust for having which is in the heart of the man who sees happiness in things instead of in God." Interesting!
Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament : based on semantic domains - Louw Nida. Brief but nice definitions. Not easy to use - you need to know some Greek. Classifies Greek words into 93 "semantic domains" (see list on page XXV) and if you can categorize the word you are looking for in one of the domains, it can help find the specific word you are interested in.
Kittel's Theological Dictionary of the New Testament : abridged in one volume (TDNT) - Classic ("Little Kittel") work summarizing the 10 volume set by Kittel. For most of us the abridged definition is "more than enough!"
A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament, and other early Christian literature (BDAG); by Bauer, Walter, More detailed definitions but need to know Greek. Zodhiates and Friberg are much easier to use.
Liddell and Scott's Greek-English lexicon, abridged : the little Liddell by Liddell, Henry George. The abridged version. You need to know Greek to use.
Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament (Volume 1 - A thru E); Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament (Volume 3- P thru ...) Volume 2 not available. I do not find this adds much to the easier to use resources like Zodhiates and Friberg.
A Pocket Lexicon to the Greek New Testament by Souter, Alexander. Brief definitions. Need to know some Greek. Not that helpful.
Vine's Expository Dictionary of Old Testament and New Testament Words - pdf. The old standby. You can also borrow Vine's complete expository dictionary of Old and New Testament words
New Testament Words in Today's Language by Detzler, Wayne A - Wonderful resource to supplement word studies. 3 ratings THIS IS A SLEEPER!
James Rosscup writes that Alford's series on the New Testament "contains much that is valuable in the Greek New Testament...though all of the Greek New Testament words have been changed to English throughout." (Commentaries for Biblical Expositors: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works or Logos)
John Piper writes ""When I’m stumped with a...grammatical or syntactical or logical [question] in Paul, I go to Henry Alford. Henry Alford...comes closer more consistently than any other human commentator to asking my kinds of questions."
Charles Haddon Spurgeon writes that this text "is an invaluable aid to the critical study of the text of the New Testament. You will find in it the ripened results of a matured scholarship, the harvesting of a judgment, generally highly impartial, always worthy of respect, which has gleaned from the most important fields of Biblical research, both modern and ancient, at home and abroad. You will not look here for any spirituality of thought or tenderness of feeling; you will find the learned Dean does not forget to do full justice to his own views, and is quite able to express himself vigorously against his opponents; but for what it professes to be, it is an exceedingly able and successful work. The later issues are by far the most desirable, as the author has considerably revised the work in the fourth edition. What I have said of his Greek Testament applies equally to Alford’s New Testament for English Readers,* which is also a standard work." (Spurgeon, C. H. Lectures to my Students, Vol. 4: Commenting and Commentaries; Lectures Addressed to the students of the Pastors' College, Metropolitan Tabernacle)
DON ANDERSON Hebrews
- Hebrews Studies 1-24 Charts
- Hebrews Study Guide
- Lectures on Hebrews - Click here for list of all 24 lectures
- Hebrews study 12 Hebrews study 13 Teacher Notes
- Hebrews study 12 Hebrews study 13 Hebrews Study Notes
JACK ARNOLD SERMONS
What a Way to Go! - "When I go to heaven..." were Jack Arnold's last words before dying instantly in the pulpit from a heart attack. The extraordinary event made international headlines. and was picked up by the AP wire, CNN, and even Paul Harvey." (Click for more detail) (Watch memorial service - Pt 1, Pt 2, Pt 3, Pt 4, Pt 5).
D Edmond Hiebert - Prints the author's own translation. Barclay defends Petrine authorship of 1 Peter but not of 2 Peter. Valuable for its numerous helpful word studies and background material. Barclay holds that Christ's descent into Hades gave those who there heard Him a second chance.
Comment: I appreciate Barclay's unique insights on Greek words and culture, but clearly his teaching about a "second chance" is NOT sound doctrine! Be an Acts 17:11 Berean with Barclay. Barclay is not always orthodox. See discussion of his orthodoxy especially the article "The Enigmatic William Barclay".
James Rosscup writes that Barnes "includes 16 volumes on the Old Testament, 11 on the New Testament. The New Testament part of this old work was first published in 1832–1851. Various authors contributed. It is evangelical and amillennial...Often the explanations of verses are very worthwhile." (Commentaries for Biblical Expositors: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works)
C H Spurgeon "Albert Barnes is a learned and able divine, but his productions are unequal in value, the gospels are of comparatively little worth, but his other comments are extremely useful for Sunday-school teachers and persons with a narrow range of reading, endowed with enough good sense to discriminate between good and evil....Placed by the side of the great masters, Barnes is a lesser light, but taking his work for what it is and professes to be, no minister can afford to be without it, and this is no small praise for works which were only intended for Sunday-school teachers." (Spurgeon, C. H. Lectures to my Students, Vol. 4: Commenting and Commentaries; Lectures Addressed to the students of the Pastors' College, Metropolitan Tabernacle)
John Cereghin - Valuable commentary that had a wide sale when first published by this Presbyterian pastor.
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Mystery Man
- Hebrews 7:11-28 A Better Priest
James Rosscup writes "This work (Gnomon), originally issued in 1742, has considerable comment on the Greek, flavoring the effort with judicious details about the spiritual life. It has much that helps, but has been surpassed by many other commentaries since its day." (Commentaries for Biblical Expositors: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works)1 Peter 1 Commentary
Spurgeon comments on the goal to make Bengel's Gnomon -- "Such is the professed aim of this commentary, and the compilers have very fairly carried out their intentions. The whole of Bengel’s Gnomon is bodily transferred into the work, and as 120 years have elapsed since the first issue of that book, it may be supposed that much has since been added to the wealth of Scripture exposition; the substance of this has been incorporated in brackets, so as to bring it down to the present advanced state of knowledge. We strongly advise the purchase of this book, as it...will well repay an attentive perusal. Tischendorf and Alford have contributed largely...to make this one of the most lucid and concise commentaries on the text and teachings of the New Testament" (Spurgeon, C. H. Lectures to my Students, Vol. 4: Commenting and Commentaries; Lectures Addressed to the students of the Pastors' College, Metropolitan Tabernacle)
Spurgeon - Adopted by the Wesleyan Conference as a standard work, and characterized by that body as marked by “solid learning, soundness of theological opinion, and an edifying attention to experimental and practical religion. Necessary to Methodist Students.
Charles Spurgeon - "goodly volume," recommended "attentive perusal" We liked Burkitt better when we were younger. He is, however, a homely and spiritual writer, and his work is good reading for the many. Burkitt is somewhat pithy, and for a modern rather rich and racy, but he is far from deep, and is frequently common-place. I liked him well enough till I had read abler works and grown older. Some books grow upon us as we read and re-read them, but Burkitt does not. Yet so far from depreciating the good man, I should be sorry to have missed his acquaintance, and would bespeak for him your attentive perusal.
Spurgeon on Calvin - Of priceless value....Calvin is a tree whose “leaf also shall not wither;” whatever he has written lives on, and is never out of date, because he expounded the word without bias or partiality.
James Rosscup - Calvin was not only a great theologian but also a great expositor, and his insight into Scripture contributed to his grasp of doctrinal truth. His commentaries are deep in spiritual understanding, usually helpful on problem passages, and refreshing in a devotional sense to the really interested reader. He usually offers good help on a passage. The present work skips Judges, Ruth, Samuel, Kings, Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther, Job, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon, II and III John and Revelation. Calvin is amillennial on long-range prophecy, but in other respects usually has very contributive perception on passages and doctrinal values edifying to the believer. He also can be very wordy, but the serious and patient glean much.
D Edmond Hiebert - Valuable for insights into Reformation day views.
D Edmond Hiebert - Greek text. The introductions provide a satisfactory study of the problems connected with the Pastorals from a conservative viewpoint. The exegetical notes on the text of the epistles are thorough, thoughtful, and scholarly.
Cyril Barber - This....1886 commentary from the Cambridge Greek Testament series readily interacts with critical issues raised by the publication of the NT texts of Tischendorf and Tregelles. Plummer then treats these letters in a most commendable way, providing some unique insights into the thought of the apostle and the nuances of the original text. (The Minister's Library, Volume 2)
James Rosscup writes "Though old, this is a good study from the Greek text which will be helpful in any more advanced study of the epistles. There are other works more highly recommended, however." (Commentaries for Biblical Expositors: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works)
James Rosscup - This old, conservative Wesleyan Methodist work is good devotionally and aggressive for righteous living. Laypeople can find it still valuable today. It is Arminian in viewpoint and thus helpful, for example, in showing the reader how this approach deals with texts involving the eternal security question. The work contains much background material from many sources on all books of the Bible.
Spurgeon - Adam Clarke is the great annotator of our Wesleyan friends; and they have no reason to be ashamed of him, for he takes rank among the chief of expositors. His mind was evidently fascinated by the singularities of learning, and hence his commentary is rather too much of an old curiosity shop, but it is filled with valuable rarities, such as none but a great man could have collected....If you have a copy of Adam Clarke, and exercise discretion in reading it, you will derive immense advantage from it, for frequently by a sort of side-light he brings out the meaning of the text in an astonishingly novel manner. I do not wonder that Adam Clarke still stands, notwithstanding his peculiarities, a prince among commentators. I do not find him so helpful as Gill, but still, from his side of the question, with which I have personally no sympathy, he is an important writer, and deserves to be studied by every reader of the Scriptures.
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Why You Need to Know About Melchizedek
- Hebrews 7:11-19 A Better Hope: Drawing Near to God
- Hebrews 7:20-28 Salvation Guaranteed!
W A CRISWELL
- Hebrews 7:1-8 Gambling Is Sin
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Tithing and the Blessing of God
- Hebrews 7:2 This Melchizedek
- Hebrews 7:4 How Great This Man
- Hebrews 7:8 My Tithe - My Testimony
- Hebrews 7:8 Stewardship Dedication
- Hebrews 7:25 Able to Save to the Uttermost
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Abraham, Melchizedek, and Messiah
- Hebrews 7:11-25 From Good to Great: A Better Priest and a Better Covenant
- Hebrews 7:26-8:5 From Shadows to Substance
- Hebrews 7:1-10 The Great Melchizedek
- Hebrews 7:11-28 A High Priest of Judah - Part 1
- Hebrews 7:11-28 A High Priest of Judah - Part 2
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Jesus and Melchizedek
- Hebrews 7:11-28 The Guarantee of a Better Covenant
EXPOSITOR'S BIBLE - T C Edwards
James Rosscup - Though this work is generally helpful on historical background, it is often not of great assistance on the original text or problem passages. It skips over these many times. It is generally conservative, but not always. The value is greater on some books because the authors have done an excellent work: Kellogg on Leviticus; Blaikie on Joshua and I, II Samuel; Plummer on the pastorals, James and Jude. Some sections are by radical liberals, for example George A. Smith on Isaiah and the Minor Prophets. By and large, the student will do better to use a detailed set like The Expositor’s Bible Commentary plus individual best works on the different Bible books or sections of Scripture.
EXPOSITOR'S GREEK TESTAMENT - Marcus Dods
- Hebrews 7:1-28 Christ A Priest After Order Of Melchizedek
- Hebrews 7:22 Christ Our Surety
- Hebrews 7:25 Salvation to the Uttermost
James Rosscup - This dispensationally oriented work is not verse-by-verse, but deals with the exposition on a broader scale, treating blocks of thought within the chapters. Cf. also Arno C. Gaebelein, Gaebelein’s Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible (I Volume, Neptune, NJ: Loizeaux, 1985), the Annotated Bible revised. The author was a popular evangelical Bible teacher of the first part of the century, much like H. A. Ironside in his diligent but broad, practical expositions of Bible books. Gaebelein was premillennial and dispensational, and editor for many years of Our Hope Magazine.
James Rosscup - Gill (1697–1771), a pastor of England, wrote these which are two-column pages, ca. 900–1,000 pages per volume, Originally they were 9 volumes, folio. He also wrote Body of Divinity, 3 volumes, and several other volumes. His commentary is evangelical, wrestles with texts, is often wordy and not to the point but with worthy things for the patient who follow the ponderous detail and fish out slowly what his interpretation of a text is. He feels the thousand years in Revelation 20 cannot begin until after the conversion of the Jews and the bringing in of the fullness of the Gentiles and destruction of all antiChristian powers (volume 6, p. 1063) but in an amillennial sense of new heavens and new earth coming right after Christ’s second advent (1064–65), and the literal thousand years of binding at the same time. He feels the group that gathers against the holy city at the end of the thousand years is the resurrected wicked dead from the four quarters of the earth (i.e. from all the earth, etc. (1067).
Spurgeon - Beyond all controversy, Gill was one of the most able Hebraists of his day, and in other matters no mean proficient...His ultraism is discarded, but his learning is respected: the world and the church take leave to question his dogmatism, but they both bow before his erudition. Probably no man since Gill’s days has at all equalled him in the matter of Rabbinical learning.
He preached in the same church as C. H. Spurgeon over one hundred years earlier. Yet most people today have never heard of John Gill. This is unfortunate, since his works contain priceless gems of information that are found nowhere except in the ancient writings of the Jews.
WILLIAM GOUGE
Spurgeon's critique: We greatly prize Gouge. Many will think his system of observations cumbrous, and so, perhaps, it is; but upon any topic which he touches he gives outlines which may supply sermons for months.
- Hebrews Commentary
- Another source: Heb 1-5; Heb 6-8; Heb 9-13
James Rosscup - "Some regard this work rather highly for its exegetical excellence at times in the Greek."
Hiebert - Greek text. A work of massive scholarship by a famous liberal scholar which espouses a non-Jewish background for the recipients of this letter. Valuable introduction and interpretative notes for the advanced student. Has a helpful section on the rhythmic cadences of the epistle.
INTO THY WORD (R J KREJCIR)
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Melchizedek the Forerunner!
- Hebrews 7:11-28 Melchizedek: the Christ Archetype!
Cyril Barber - Continuously in print for 50 years, having made its debut in 1947. Ironside always has something good to say. He is easy to read, evangelical, and provides deft applications of the truth to life. One limitation of this revision is the use of the KJV when some other modern translation (e.g., NKJV) would have better served the needs of modern readers. Otherwise, this exposition is lucid and ideal for lay Bible study.
James Rosscup - He is staunchly evangelical, showing good broad surveys based on diligent study, practical turns, even choice illustrations. In prophecy he is premillennial dispensational....Many preachers have found that Ironside works, read along with heavier books on details of exegesis, help them see the sweep of the message and prime their spirits for practical relevance.
John Cereghin - Ironside, Harry A., Expository Notes on the Epistles of James and Peter, 1947, 41 pages. Brief devotional exposition. He attacks hyper-Calvinism (68); denounces the error of “soul sleep” (73); suggests that angels may refer to Genesis 6 (82-83); teaches the Premillennial coming of Christ (98). A practical and devotional exposition. Reprinted from the 1904 edition.
Published 1871 - Probably best older commentary on prophetic passages as it tends to interpret more literally.
James Rosscup - This is a helpful old set of 1863 for laypeople and pastors to have because it usually comments at least to some degree on problems. Though terse, it provides something good on almost any passage, phrase by phrase and is to some degree critical in nature. It is evangelical....Especially in its multi-volume form this is one of the old evangelical works that offers fairly solid though brief help on many verses. Spurgeon said, “It contains so great a variety of information that if a man had no other exposition he would find himself at no great loss if he possessed this and used it diligently” (Commenting and Commentaries, p. 3). Things have changed greatly since this assessment! It is primarily of help to pastors and lay people looking for quick, though usually somewhat knowledgeable treatments on verses.
Spurgeon - A really standard work. We consult it continually, and with growing interest. Mr. Fausset’s portion strikes us as being of the highest order.
John Cereghin - A conservative exposition. He defends Petrine authorship (xlixff); argues for the deity of Christ (619); holds that assurance in Scripture is doubly sure (622); identifies the elements as “the world’s component materials” (627); holds that Paul’s Epistles were already known as “Scripture” (628).
Unabridged Version
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Melchizedek and Jesus Christ (3)
- Hebrews 7:11-19 Melchizedek and Jesus Christ (4)
- Hebrews 7:20-28 The Exalted Status of Our High Priest
STEVE KRELOFF - audio, Messianic believer
D Edmond Hiebert on Fronmuller - Prints author's own translation. An exhaustive exposition by a conservative interpreter which has stood the test of time. Important for the expositor of 1 Peter. A careful interpretation of these epistles with a mass of material of a practical and homiletical nature.(An Introduction to the New Testament)
James Rosscup - The treatments of books within this evangelical set (Lange's Commentary) vary in importance. Generally, one finds a wealth of detailed commentary, background, and some critical and exegetical notes. Often, however, there is much excess verbiage that does not help particularly. On the other hand, it usually has something to assist the expositor on problems and is a good general set for pastors and serious lay people though it is old.
- Hebrews 7:1-10 Melchizedek: A Type of Christ
- Hebrews 7:11-19 Jesus: The Superior Priest
- Hebrews 7:20-28 Jesus: The Guarantee of a Better Covenant
ROBERT MORGAN SERMONS ON HEBREWS
- Hebrews 7:1KJV Melchisedec
- Hebrews 7:2KJV King of Salem
- Hebrews 7:3KJV end of life like unto the Son of God
- Hebrews 7:8KJV witnessed
- Hebrews 7:14KJV sprang
- Hebrews 7:15KJV similitude
- Hebrews 7:19KJV a better hope
- Hebrews 7:20KJV Melchisedec
- Hebrews 7:25KJV he is able
- Hebrews 7:26KJV higher than the heavens
Rosscup writes - The student will find this a helpful volume on the English text much like Newell’s valuable works on Romans and Revelation. Newell was premillennial and dispensational. On Hebrew 6, Newell takes the stance that professors are in view. (Commentaries for Biblical Expositors)
Cyril Barber - Presents the superiority of Christ by deftly and ably showing how the OT types and prophecies were fulfilled in His life, death, and resurrection. The Bible student will find this a helpful volume on the English text. (The Minister's Library)
Hiebert - An independent, popular, heartwarming, verse-by-verse exposition by a competent, conservative Bible teacher. Contains a clear premillennial emphasis. A variety of rich summaries and comments in the footnotes.
JIM NEWHEISER - Hebrews Sermon Series - outlines
- Hebrews 7:1-10 A Greater Priest
- Hebrews 7:11-22 A Better Hope
- Hebrews 7:23-25 He Continues Forever
- Hebrews 7:26-28 Once For All
Rosscup writes - Kregel in Grand Rapids has a 1-volume abridgement that makes the comments more manageable. Owen, a Puritan scholar, was voluminous on just about everything he wrote, and he did many masterful works. Here, the patient will meet with ponderous discussion of connections between New Testament fulfillments in Christ and Old Testament preparation for Him. Much is rich and worthwhile if one has time to sort through the laborious discussions to follow through to what he can use. Theologically Owen has a lot to contribute. He has many points and sees things from various sides, reasons through views and arguments, and often is very helpful to the person who begins his study early enough to devote the time it takes. In Hebrews 6 and 10, Owen decides reference is to mere professors who fall away or shrink back, never having been actually born again.(Commentaries for Biblical Expositors)
Spurgeon: "Out of scores of commendations of this colossal work we select but one. Dr. Chalmers pronounced it “a work of gigantic strength as well as gigantic size; and he who hath mastered it is very little short, both in respect to the doctrinal and practical of Christianity, of being an erudite and accomplished theologian.”
Hiebert - A condensation of the eight-volume work on Hebrews (links below are unabridged work) on which Owens spent sixteen years of his life. A valuable guide for the study of Hebrews under this noted Puritan theologian and preacher.
- Hebrews 7:11-21: Indestructible!
- Hebrews 7:25: Our Fulltime Intercessor
- Hebrews 7:25: Praying for Us
- Hebrews 7:25: Christ's Unfinished Work
- Hebrews 7:25: When Friends Fail You
- Hebrews 7:25: Why The Ascension?
- Hebrews 7 Devotionals - Today in the Word
- Hebrews 7 Includes Studies Below
- Hebrews 7:1-3 Melchizedek.
- Hebrews 7:4-10 Melchizedek:
- Hebrews 7:11-16 The Priesthood Changed.
- Hebrews 7:17-19 Judaism Set Aside.
- Hebrews 7:20-24 Judaism Set Aside.
- Hebrews 7:25-28 The Perfect Priest.
- Hebrews 7:25-28 The Perfect Priest
- Hebrews 7:1-25 Jesus: from Melchizedek to eternal Saviour
- Hebrews 7:26-8:5 Our high priest-the Son of God perfect forever
JAMES QUIGGLE
- Hebrews 7
- Hebrews 7:1
- Hebrews 7:2
- Hebrews 7:3
- Hebrews 7:4–10
- Hebrews 7:5
- Hebrews 7:7
- Hebrews 7:8
- Hebrews 7:9
- Hebrews 7:11
- Hebrews 7:13–28
- Hebrews 7:16
- Hebrews 7:19
- Hebrews 7:21
- Hebrews 7:22
- Hebrews 7:23
- Hebrews 7:25
- Hebrews 7:26
- Hebrews 7:27
- Hebrews 7:28
- Hebrews 7:1-10 The Melchizedekian Priesthood
- Hebrews 7:11-19 A Superior Priesthood
- Hebrews 7:20-28 Christ- The Eternal High Priest
- Hebrews 7:1-5 Melchizedek...
- Hebrews 7:1-17 Melchizedek A Type
- Hebrews 7:15-28 The Word of the Oath & the Son Perfected
- Hebrews 7:1-3 Melchizedec A Type of Christ
- Hebrews 7:19 The Superiority of the Christian Above the Mosaic Dispensation
- Hebrews 7:25 Christ's Priesthood, and Ability to Save
- Hebrews 7:26 Christ, A Suitable High-Priest
BARRY SMITH
- Hebrews 7:2 First King of Righteousness and After That King of Peace
- Hebrews 7:4 The Man Christ Jesus
- Hebrews 7:20 -22 The Priest Ordained by the Oath of God
- Hebrews 7:23-25 The Ever Living Priest
- Hebrews 7:25 Salvation to the Uttermost
- Hebrews 7:27 Priest and Victim
Cyril Barber - Stedman’s commentary leans toward identifying Apollos as the author of this letter, and Jewish Christians as the recipients. A date in the late 60s is believed to be the time of its composition. As expected, the comments are brief, pertinent, and pastoral in tone. The problem passages (e.g., Hebrews 6:4-9) are handled from a Calvinistic perspective. Many readers will question Stedman’s identification of the tabernacle as a type of each human being’s three-part nature. However, such issues aside, this is a useful commentary from which lay people will profit. Preachers, too, will derive some unique insights for the application of the text to the lives of their hearers. All things considered, this is a work from which believers can derive great benefit. (The Minister's Library)
- Hebrews 7:1-28 Our Melchizedek
- Hebrews 7:1-3 Who Was Melchizedek?
- Hebrews 7:4-10 Melchizedek Priesthood Superior to Levitical
- Hebrews 7:11-19 The Aaronic Priesthood and Law Replaced
- Hebrews 7:20-28 The Guarantee of a New Covenant
- Hebrews 6:13 - 7:26 Dealing with Doubt
- Hebrews 7:27 - 8:13 The New Constitution
- A Priest Forever - Hebrews 7:1-28
- King of Salem - Hebrews 7:1
- King of righteousness - Hebrews 7:2
- Without father or mother . . . beginning of days or end of life - Hebrews 7:3
- How great he was . . . Levi was still - Hebrews 7:4-10
- The descendants of Levi - Hebrews 7:4-6
- The greater - Hebrews 7:7
- Men who die . . . him who is declared to be living - Hebrews 7:8
- Paid the tenth through Abraham - Hebrews 7:9-10
- If perfection could have been attained . . . - Hebrews 7:11-12
- Jesus and the Levites - Hebrews 7:13-28
- Power of an indestructible life - Hebrews 7:13-17
- A better hope - Hebrews 7:18-19
- With an oath - Hebrews 7:20-21
- Guarantee - Hebrews 7:22
- Many of those priests - Hebrews 7:23
- Able to save completely - Hebrews 7:24-25
- Holy, blameless, pure, set apart from sinners - Hebrews 7:26
- Once for all - Hebrews 7:27
- The law . . . but the oath - Hebrews 7:28
DAVID THOMPSON SERMON NOTES
- Hebrews 7:1-9 The Tithe
- Hebrews 7:1-3 Son Of God Remains A Priest
- Hebrews 7:4-10 - "Who Stands As Your Federal Head?"
- Hebrews 7:11-28 Jesus Christ, High Priest & Sacrifice
STEVE ZEISLER - click for sermons
- Hebrews 7:1-28, Hebrews 8:1-13 Religion Versus Reality